百花山葡萄营养繁殖技术  

Research on colonal-propagation technology of Vitis baihuashanensis

作　　者：王建文[1] 周梦瑶 张佳蕊 王方明 王志忠[1] 赵文超[1] WANG Jianwen;ZHOU Mengyao;ZHANG Jiarui;WANG Fangming;WANG Zhizhong;ZHAO Wenchao(College of plant science and technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Baihuashan National Nature Reserve,Beijing 102311,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]北京百花山国家级自然保护区,北京102311

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2025年第1期31-36,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：百花山国家级自然保护区重点保护物种及其栖息地保护管理提升项目(11010924210200009159-XM001);2022北京农学院揭榜挂帅项目(1086016018-011)。

摘　　要：【目的】百花山葡萄极为稀少,面临灭绝的边缘,被列为国家一级保护植物。目前,对这一濒危物种进行快速繁殖研究,以迅速增加其种群数量,是拯救、保护和研究该物种的当务之急。【方法】选取成熟及幼嫩的百花山葡萄茎段作为试验材料,对硬枝扦插、嫩枝扦插技术,以及外植体的消毒方法、培养基种类、炼苗基质进行了综合比较研究。【结果】在硬枝扦插试验中,使用400 mg/L的NAA处理插条基部,生根率最高达到70%,根系长度达到14.1 cm,最佳生根基质为蛭石∶河沙∶珍珠岩=8∶1∶1;而在嫩枝扦插试验中,300 mg/L的IAA处理插条基部,生根率最高达到73.3%,根系长度为13.1 cm,最佳生根基质为蛭石∶河沙∶珍珠岩=7∶2∶1。在组织培养试验中,2%的NaClO水溶液处理5 min,是最佳的消毒方法;改良B5培养基,添加0.2 mg/L IAA、15 g蔗糖和5 g琼脂,pH值为5.9,最适合百花山葡萄茎段的培养;而蛭石∶草炭=1∶2的基质最适合人工气候箱内炼苗。【结论】硬枝扦插最高成活率为70%。嫩枝扦插最高成活率为73.3%。应用茎段组织培养,结合人工气候箱炼苗的方法可以成功实现百花山葡萄的快速繁殖。[Objective]With a extremely small population,Vitis baihuashanensis M.S.Kang et.D.Z.Lu is in endangered status and identified as national first-class protected plant.Now,one of the urgent tasks to protect and save the endangered species is to start rapid propagation and enlarge population quantity quickly.[Methods]In this research,tender shoot cuts and hard shoot cuts were adopted as test materials,different disinfection methods for explants,cultural media,young plant training substrates have been tested.[Results]The results shows:The rooting ratio and root length were best with treatment of NAA 400 mg/L in hard shoots test,and vermiculite∶sand∶perlite=8∶1∶1 is best for rooting.The rooting ratio and root length were best with treatment of IAA 300 mg/L in green shoots test,and vermiculite∶sand∶perlite=7∶2∶1 is best for rooting.The most effective sterilize method of tender shoot cuts is 2%NaClO 5 min+75%C_2H_(5OH)30 s;The most effective culture media for rooting of tender cuttings is improved B5+0.2 mg/L IAA+15g sucrose+5 g agar,pH=5.9;The most effective training substrate for young plants in artificial climate box is vermiculite∶peat=1∶2.[Conclution]Using hard shoot cuttage,seedlings can be successfully obtained with a survival rate of up to 70%,By green shoot cuttage,seedlings can be produced also.The rooting ratio is 73.3%.Rapid-propagation of Vitis baihuashanensis can be achieved by tender cuttings culture method combined with seedlings training in Artificial climate box.

关 键 词：百花山葡萄 硬枝扦插 嫩枝扦插 茎段培养 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]