大花紫薇EMS诱变育种研究  

EMS mutagenesis breeding of Lagerstroemia speciosa

作　　者：梁建 张宝津 刘世晗 孙旭高 方姝懿 邓小梅 LIANG Jian;ZHANG Baojin;LIU Shihan;SUN Xugao;FANG Shuyi;DENG Xiaomei(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东省森林植物种质创新与应用重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2025年第2期203-211,共9页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2023 KJCX 002)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了丰富大花紫薇育种方式,探究利用甲基磺酸乙醇(EMS)诱变的最适条件。【方法】以大花紫薇的成熟种子为研究材料,比较和分析EMS不同浓度和处理时间对大花紫薇种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。【结果】EMS处理能够抑制大花紫薇种子萌发,EMS浓度和处理时间对抑制效果有显著影响。20 g·L^(-1) EMS处理12 h后全部致死;随着EMS浓度升高、处理时间变长,种子发芽起始时间推迟,发芽持续时间变长,胚轴及胚根生长受到的抑制越显著;16 g·L^(-1) EMS处理12 h和18 g·L^(-1) EMS处理10 h,其相对致死率分别为47.99%和55.02%,最接近半致死剂量,是大花紫薇EMS诱变可选择的处理组合;EMS处理抑制大花紫薇幼苗生长,且在20 g·L^(-1) EMS处理8 h时最明显,其株高、冠幅、地径、叶面积分别为8.28 cm、9.66 cm、1.70 mm和29.32 cm^(2),而叶形指数在20 g·L^(-1) EMS处理8 h最大,为2.44。【结论】本研究确定了接近大花紫薇种子EMS诱变半致死剂量的处理组合,可为该植物的新品种培育提供理论基础。【Objective】In order to enrich the breeding methods of Lagerstroemia speciosa,the optimum conditions of ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutagenesis were studied.【Method】The seeds of L.speciosa were used as the material to compare and analyze the effects of different combinations of EMS concentrations and treatment time on seed germination and seedling growth of L.speciosa.【Result】EMS treatment could inhibit the germination of L.speciosa seeds.The EMS concentration and treatment time had significant impacts on the degree of inhibition.All seeds were killed by treating with 20 g·L^(-1) EMS for 12 h.The starting time of seed germination was delayed and the germination duration became longer with the increase of EMS concentration and treatment time,and the inhibition of hypocotyl and radicle growth was more significant.The relative lethal rates of the 16 g·L^(-1) EMS treatment for 12 h and the 18 g·L^(-1) EMS treatment for 10 h were 47.99%and 55.02%,respectively,which were the closest to the lethal concentration 50(LC50),and these treatment combinations could be chosen for EMS mutagenesis of L.speciosa.The growth of L.speciosa seedlings was inhibited by EMS treatment,with the greatest impact observed at 20 g·L^(-1) EMS treatment for 8 h.The plant height,crown width,ground diameter and leaf area were 8.28 cm,9.66 cm,1.70 mm and 29.32 cm^(2) respectively.The leaf shape index was found to be the highest after 20 g·L^(-1) EMS treatment for 8 h,with a value of 2.44.【Conclusion】In this study,the treatment combinations with relative lethal rates close to the LC50 in EMS mutagenesis of L.speciosa seeds are determined,which could provide a basis for the cultivation of new varieties of this plant.

关 键 词：大花紫薇 EMS诱变 育种 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]