高速动车组异步牵引电机轴电流仿真与测试研究  

Simulation and Test Research on Shaft Current of Asynchronous Traction Motor of High-speed EMU

作　　者：万家华 冯庆鹏 蒲旭东 WAN Jiahua;FENG Qingpeng;PU Xudong(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111 Shandong,China;Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031 Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]西南交通大学,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2025年第1期42-49,共8页Railway Locomotive & Car

摘　　要：研究高速动车组异步牵引电机结构及能量传递关系,分析电机轴电流传递回路,使用Matlab建立轴电流传递等效电路模型。根据异步牵引电机工作原理及特性,建立电机等效电路,使用Solidworks建立电机、轴承、联轴节、齿轮箱三维模型,将模型导入ANSYS Maxwell进行仿真,得到各部件等效电路参数。模拟额定输出功率不同转速,对轴电流进行仿真分析,轴电流有效值范围7.1~13.0 mA,主频频率范围48~169Hz。在地面电机实验室对轴电流进行测试,有效值范围7.4~18.5mA,主频频率范围50~170 Hz。轴电流有效值与转速成反相关,轴电流频率与转速成正相关,且与相电流理论频率相同。根据仿真及测试结果,轴电流主要成分为与相电流相关的低频,形成的主要原因包括定转子之间的气隙不均匀、三相电流不平衡。This paper studies the structure and energy transfer relationship of high-speed EMU asynchronous traction motor,analyzes the shaft current transfer circuit of the motor,and uses Matlab to establish the equivalent circuit model of shaft current transfer.According to the working principle and characteristics of the asynchronous traction motor,the equivalent circuit of the motor is established.Using SolidWorks,the three-dimensional models of the motor,bearings,couplings and gearboxes are established.The models are imported into ANSYS Maxwell for simulation,and the equivalent circuit parameters of each component are obtained.The shaft current of rated output power at different rotating speeds is simulated and analyzed.The effective value of shaft current ranges from 7.1 to 13.0 mA,and the main frequency ranges from 48 to 169 Hz.The shaft current was tested in the ground motor laboratory with the effective value ranging from 7.4 to 18.5 mA and the main frequency ranging from 50 to 170 Hz.The effective value of shaft current is inversely correlated with the rotating speed,and the frequency of shaft current is positively correlated with the rotating speed,which is the same as the theoretical frequency of phase current.According to the simulation and test results,the main component of the shaft current is the low-frequency current related to the phase current,which is mainly caused by the uneven air gap between the stator and rotor and the unbalanced three-phase current.

关 键 词：异步牵引电机 等效电路模型 仿真 轴电流 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程]