轨道车辆剩余强度两级评估方法及应用研究  

Application Research on Two-stage Residual Strength Assessment Method for Railway Vehicles

作　　者：郭峰 刘永强 何文佳 罗宝 邱淑娟 GUO Feng;LIU Yongqiang;HE Wenjia;LUO Bao;QIU Shujuan(The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive,Zhuzhou 412001 Hunan,China;CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001 Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,湖南株洲412001 [2]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2025年第1期161-168,共8页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中车株洲电力机车有限公司科技研发项目(KYL202304-0107)。

摘　　要：剩余强度是轨道车辆损伤容限设计的基础评价指标之一,为准确、高效地评价轨道车辆关键承载部件的剩余强度,提出了一种结合经验公式和仿真分析的两级评估方法。以某铰接式轻轨列车为例开展了应用研究,结果表明:最大拉应力出现于铰接装置连接臂的变截面位置,将其识别为临界安全位置;在失效截面植入规则化角裂纹缺陷,按公式法进行初级评估,算得临界裂纹深度为16.5 mm;在此基础上再采用仿真法进行第二级精细评估,确定临界裂纹深度为18.5 mm;采用韧强比更高的18CrNiMo7-6渗碳钢替代40CrNiMoA高强钢能显著提高连接臂的剩余强度;所提出方法可用于指导轨道车辆关键承载部件的选材和强韧匹配设计。Residual strength is one of the most fundamental indicators for the damage tolerance design of railway vehicles.A two-stage residual strength assessment method combining with empirical formulas and simulated analysis was thus established to accurately and efficiently evaluate the residual strength of critical load-carrying components.Subsequently,the detailed applications of this convenient method were applied to an articulated light train as an example.The results show a cross-section position of the articulated corbel where the maximum tensile principal stress appeared was recognized as the critical safety position.Regularized corner cracks were implanted in an equivalent section at the critical safety position,and a critical depth of 16.5 mm was obtained from a primary assessment process by the formula method.On this basis,a critical depth of 18.5 mm was obtained from a detailed and secondary assessment process by the simulation method.If the articulated corbel was forged by the carburizing steel 18CrNiMo7-6 with a higher strength-toughness ratio but not the original high-strength alloy steel 40CrNiMoA,the residual strength of the articulated corbel will be improved significantly.Therefore,the proposed method can be effectively used for the selection of material and the strength-toughness matching design for the critical load-carrying components of railway vehicles.

关 键 词：损伤容限 剩余强度 失效评估图 铰接式列车 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]