黄土塬区土壤饱和导水率对果园还耕的响应特征  

Response Characteristics of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity after Returning Orchard to Farmland on the Loess Plateau

作　　者：李舒怡 袁遥遥 张晨晨 乔江波 朱元骏[1] 贾小旭[3] 邵明安[3] LI Shuyi;YUAN Yaoyao;ZHANG Chenchen;QIAO Jiangbo;ZHU Yuanjun;JIA Xiaoxu;SHAO mingan(College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest Agriculture and Forest University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shaanxi Academy of Forestry,Xi′an 710082,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi′an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院(水土保持研究所),陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省林业科学院,西安710082 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [4]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2025年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42307412,42377316);中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放资助项目(SKLLQG2207);陕西林业科技创新青年人才培育专项(SXLK2023-06-7)。

摘　　要：[目的]为探明果园还耕后土壤饱和导水率(Ks)变化规律及影响因素。[方法]选取黄土塬区衰老期果园(AO)和果园不同还耕年限(2 a、4 a、6 a、10 a)农田为研究对象,纯农田(CK)作为对照,测定不同样地0~200 cm土层Ks和土壤基本性质,利用Pearson相关性分析,揭示黄土塬区Ks对果园还耕的响应特征及影响因素。[结果]随着还耕年限增加,农田0~200 cm土层黏粒和粉粒质量分数平均值呈减小趋势;砂粒质量分数平均值呈增大趋势。不同样地Ks平均值大小为(2.25±1.19)cm/h(6 a)>(1.60±0.71)cm/h(AO)>(1.49±0.29)cm/h(4 a)>(1.46±0.44)cm/h(2 a)>(1.40±0.40)cm/h(CK)>(1.04±0.61)cm/h(10 a),整体上随还耕年限的增加,Ks平均值呈先升高后降低趋势。随着土层深度增加,不同样地Ks均呈减小趋势。0~40 cm土层Ks影响因素是有机质质量分数,40~100、100~200 cm土层Ks影响因素是土壤体积质量和有机质质量分数。[结论]果园还耕显著影响Ks的时空分布特征,且不同深度影响因素不同,具有深度依赖性。研究结果可为黄土高原果园还耕后土壤水循环研究提供数据基础及理论依据。[Objective]To explore the change rule and influencing factors of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks)after returning orchard to farmland.[Methods]Aging apple orchards(AO)and orchards with different tillage years(2 a,4 a,6 a,10 a)on the Loess Plateau were selected as the research objects,and the pure farmland(CK)was used as the control.The Ks and soil basic properties of the 0—200 cm layer in different plots were measured.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the response characteristics and influencing factors of Ks after returning orchard to farmland on the Loess Plateau.[Results]With the increase of returning years,the average clay and silt content in 0—200 cm soil layer of farmland showed a decreasing trend,the average sand content showed an increasing trend.The order of the mean values of Ks in different plots was(2.25±1.19)cm/h(6 a)>(1.60±0.71)cm/h(AO)>(1.49±0.29)cm/h(4 a)>(1.46±0.44)cm/h(2 a)>(1.40±0.40)cm/h(CK)>(1.04±0.61)cm/h(10 a).On the whole,with the increase of returning years,the average value of Ks increased first and then decreased.With the increase of soil depth,Ks in different plots showed a decreasing trend.The influencing factor of Ks in the 0—40 cm soil layer was organic matter content,and the influencing factors of Ks in the 40—100 and 100—200 cm soil layers were soil bulk density and organic matter content.[Conclusion]Returning orchard to farmland significantly affected the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Ks,and the influencing factors were different at different depths,which were depth-dependent.The results can provide a data basis and theoretical basis for the study of soil water cycle after returning orchard to farmland on the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：饱和导水率 果园还耕 土壤理化性质 剖面分布 黄土塬区 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]