黄土高原作物C因子新方法  

A New Method to Estimate the Cover Management Factor on the Loess Plateau in China

作　　者：谢欣利 李晴岚 王林华 张晖 吴发启[1] XIE Xinli;LI Qinglan;WANG Linhua;ZHANG Hui;WU Faqi(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest Agriculture and Forest University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055,China;Shenzhen Real Estate Assessment Center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055,China;South China Botanical Gardens,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,广东深圳518055 [3]深圳市自然资源与不动产评估发展研究中心,广东深圳518055 [4]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2025年第1期294-302,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977065,41271288);国家基础研究计划项目(2007CB407201-5)。

摘　　要：[目的]为探究不同作物覆盖与管理措施下坡面土壤流失率、作物覆盖与管理因子的响应机制,以便更精准地评价作物覆盖与管理措施对土壤侵蚀的抑制作用。[方法]以谷子为研究对象,采用人工模拟降雨,设置作物、有糙度作物、有结皮作物、裸露、有糙度、有结皮6个小区坡面条件,分别记作A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3。通过Matlab数值模拟得到SLR估算模型,结合降雨侵蚀力分布曲线计算不同C因子值。[结果]地表糙度、土壤结皮均能进一步减弱作物小区的水土流失,与作物小区相比,有糙度作物小区SLR平均减少21.00%,有结皮作物小区平均减少16.50%。得到的作物、有糙度作物、有结皮作物小区土壤侵蚀率模型3种土壤侵蚀率模型,结合降雨侵蚀力分布情况可计算全生育期C因子值。经淳化野外数据验证,作物、有糙度作物、有结皮作物小区土壤侵蚀率模型均可达到较精确的预测效果,其全生育期估算C因子分别为0.30、0.25、0.25,纳什系数分别为0.96、0.87、0.75。[结论]研究结果为开展全国性的C因子研究提供一定参考依据。[Objective]To investigate the combined effect of crop cover and crop management practices on preventing soil loss and improving the accuracy of C-factor estimation.[Methods]Six millet plots with different treatments,i.e.,crop plot(C1),crop-roughness plot(C2),crop-crust plot(C3),bare plot(B1),roughness plot(B2),and crust plot(B3),were established and the soil loss at four growth stage was determined under simulated rainfall.The C factor was calculated using soil loss ratio(SLR).The major factors affecting SLR were also analyzed and their correlations with SLR were then regressed through numerical simulation using MATLAB.Subsequently,the SLR estimation models designed for soil erosion prediction on the Loess Plateau could be built.Finally,the C factor could be calculated using the proposed SLR estimation model combined with the distribution curve of rainfall erosivity.[Results]Surface roughness and soil crust could reduce soil loss in crop plot.Compared with SLR crop,SLR crop-roughness and SLR crop-crust were on average 21.00%and 16.50%lower,respectively.The model formulas of crop plot,crop-roughness plot,crop-crust plot were obtained,through validating by field soil and water loss data conducted in Chunhua County,the model formulas could achieve accurate prediction.The estimated C values for the whole growth stage were 0.30,0.25 and 0.25,respectively,with the Nash coefficients being 0.96,0.87 and 0.75,respectively.[Conclusion]The results can provide some insights for estimating C values at national scales.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 C因子 植被盖度 地表糙度 土壤结皮 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]