钛/钢和钛/铜/钢复合板焊接接头组织和性能  

Microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joint of titanium/steel and titanium/copper/steel composite plate

作　　者：褚巧玲[1] 王君尧 杨聃 王中莹 曹齐鲁 YAN Cheng CHU Qiaoling;WANG Junyao;YANG Dan;WANG Zhongying;CAO Qilu;YAN Cheng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an,710048,China;Hebei Hanfeng Power Co.,Ltd.,Handan,056200,China;School of Mechanical,Medical and Process Engineering,Faculty of Engineering,Queensland University of Technology(QUT),Brisbane,QLD,4001,Australia)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学,材料科学与工程学院,西安710048 [2]河北邯峰发电有限责任公司,邯郸056200 [3]School of Mechanical,Medical and Process Engineering,Faculty of Engineering,Queensland University of Technology(QUT),Brisbane,QLD,4001,Australia

出　　处：《焊接学报》2025年第2期25-35,共11页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904243)。

摘　　要：采用电弧焊接方法(TIG/MIG)进行钛/钢(TA1/Q345)和钛/铜/钢(TA1/T2/Q345)复合板的对接焊接,借助SEM,EBSD,TEM,显微硬度、纳米压痕和拉伸试验系统研究了对接焊缝中的显微结构和力学性能.结果表明,钛/钢对接接头中,Cu-V焊缝主要以铜基固溶体和铁基固溶体为主,局部生成的Fe_(2)Ti相被韧性较好的铜基固溶体包围;Cu-V/ERTi-1焊缝界面处存在多种Cu-Ti和Fe-Ti金属间化合物;Cu-V焊缝与TA1/Q345界面处,存在Fe-Ti,CuTi_(2)和β-Ti化合物.钛/铜/钢对接接头中,Cu/ERTi-1焊缝界面处分布着多种Cu-Ti金属间化合物,分布范围较广.钛/钢对接焊缝中Fe_(2)Ti脆性相的硬度较高,为20.7GPa,但由于其尺寸相对较小,因此接头的显微硬度分布与钛/铜/钢对接焊缝类似,高硬度区域均在铜基焊缝与ERTi-1焊缝界面处,达到400HV0.3,两种对接接头中大量分布的Cu-Ti化合物的硬度处于8~11GPa.钛/钢异质接头的抗拉强度为440MPa,钛/铜/钢异质接头的抗拉强度为225MPa,断裂位置均在焊缝区域,并且铜基焊缝与ERTi-1焊缝界面处均是脆性断裂特征.钛/钢对接焊缝中不可避免会存在Fe-Ti脆性相,虽然采用钛/铜/钢三层复合板的形式可以避免Fe-Ti脆性相的生成,但是接头中分布较广的Cu-Ti化合物仍旧是接头的一个薄弱区域.The titanium/steel and titanium/copper/steel composite plates were butt joined by arc welding method.SEM,EBSD,TEM,microhardness,nanoindentation and tensile tests were applied to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties.The results showed that in the titanium/steel butt joints Cu-V weld mainly consisted of Cu solid solution and Fe solid solution phases.Localized Fe_(2)Ti intermetallics were surrounded by the soft Cu solid solution.Cu-Ti and Fe-Ti intermetallics were formed at Cu-V/ERTi-1 interface.Cu-V weld near the TA1/Q345 interface consisted of Fe-Ti,CuTi2 andβ-Ti phases.A series of Cu-Ti compounds were widely distributed at Cu/ERTi-1 interface in titanium/copper/steel butt joints.Although Fe_(2)Ti brittle intermetallics had high hardness(20.7 GPa),its limited size had less effect on the global microhardness distribution.These two butt joints had similar microhardness distribution,where high hardness values(400 HV0.3)were located at the Cu-base weld/ERTi-1 interface.The Cu-Ti compounds with wide distribution showed the hardness around 8~11 GPa.The tensile strength of titanium/steel butt joint and titanium/copper/steel butt joint were 440 MPa and 225 MPa,respectively.Both samples were fractured at the weld metal regions and brittle fracture morphology was observed at the Cu-based weld/ERTi-1 interface regions.Fe-Ti brittle intermetallics were inevitable in titanium/steel butt joint.These brittle phases were suppressed in titanium/copper/stee butt joints.However,the widely distributed Cu-Ti compounds region was the weak region of such joints.

关 键 词：异质接头 钛/钢复合板 钛/铜/钢复合板 金属间化合物 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG457.11[金属学及工艺—焊接]