基于DBO-RF的磁场辅助镁/铝异种金属激光焊工艺  

Prediction of laser welding process for magnetic field-assisted dissimilar magnesium/aluminum metals based on DBO-RF

作　　者：王新宇 周惦武[1] 赵蕾 邓乔 贺赵国 WANG Xinyu;ZHOU Dianwu;ZHAO Lei;DENG Qiao;HE Zhaoguo(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle,Hunan University,Changsha,410082,China;BYD Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen,518000,China;Shenzhen RPS Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,518000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]比亚迪股份有限公司,深圳518000 [3]深圳阿尔比斯科技有限公司,深圳518000

出　　处：《焊接学报》2025年第2期72-79,共8页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174360)。

摘　　要：为了探究磁场辅助镁/铝激光焊工艺参数和接头性能之间的关联性,并建立预测模型以指导工艺参数设计,采用试验设计方法,选取激光功率、焊接速度和磁场强度为变量,研究其对焊接接头性能的影响,并基于随机森林算法(RF)建立镁/铝对接接头的预测模型,利用蜣螂算法(DBO)对模型的关键参数(树数和叶子数)进行优化.结果表明,当焊接形貌系数介于1.37~1.58时,接头性能较好;激光功率、焊接速度、磁场强度对接头性能的相对重要性分别为0.608,0.212和0.276;优化后的蜣螂优化随机森林模型(DBO-RF)在测试集上的决定系数R^(2)从0.742提升至0.950,模型的泛化能力、整体准确性和计算速度均显著提高,为磁场辅助激光焊接的工艺参数设计提供了依据.To explore the relationship between process parameters and joint performance in magnetic field-assisted magnesium/aluminum laser welding and to establish a predictive model for guiding process parameter design,an experimental design method was adopted.Laser power,welding speed,and magnetic field intensity were selected as variables to investigate their effects on welding joint performance.A predictive model for welding joints was developed based on the random forest(RF)algorithm,and the dung beetle optimization(DBO)was employed to optimize the model's key parameters(number of trees and number of leaves).The results demonstrate that joint performance is better when the weld morphology coefficient ranges between 1.37 and 1.58.The relative importance of laser power,welding speed,and magnetic field intensity on joint performance is 0.608,0.212,and 0.276,respectively.The coefficient of determination R^(2) on the test set was improved from 0.742 to 0.950 by the DBOoptimized Random Forest model(DBO-RF),with significant enhancements observed in the model's generalization ability,overall accuracy,and computational speed.These findings provide a basis for the design of process parameters in magnetic field-assisted laser welding.

关 键 词：激光焊 镁/铝异种金属 外加磁场 蜣螂算法 随机森林 

分 类 号：TG460[金属学及工艺—焊接]