层间距对棒材送进式搅拌摩擦沉积增材2219铝合金组织及力学性能影响  

Effect of interlayer spacing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy by rod feed additive friction stir deposition

作　　者：江小辉[1] 戴园城 郭维诚 杨天豪 JIANG Xiaohui;DAI Yuancheng;GUO Weicheng;YANG Tianhao(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,200093,China;Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,200240,China;National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,150001,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学,机械工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司,上海200240 [3]哈尔滨工业大学,金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《焊接学报》2025年第2期102-111,共10页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：上海交通大学机械系统与振动全国重点实验室开放基金:航天高性能铝合金构件固相搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造技术研究(MSV202312)。

摘　　要：为了提高航天高强韧2219-T8铝合金的固相增材制造性能,采用搅拌摩擦沉积工艺分别制备了层间距为1 mm,1.5 mm和2 mm的单道多层沉积件,分析了层间距对沉积件微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,层间距从2 mm减小到1 mm时,沉积件的致密无缺陷区域从24.5 mm扩大到33 mm,材料结合更加充分;同时沉积件的晶粒明显细化,平均晶粒尺寸从3.69μm减小到2.27μm;沉积件的硬度没有明显变化,整体上硬度梯度增大,但均质性更好;沉积件构建方向的抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别提高了26 MPa和3%,而纵向的力学性能变化不大.当层间距为1 mm时,沉积件表现出最优的材料性能,屈服强度达122 MPa,抗拉强度达207 MPa,断后伸长率达7%,平均硬度达75.6 HV.In order to improve the solid phase additive manufacturing performance of aerospace high strength and toughness 2219-T8 aluminum alloy,single-channel multi-layer deposition parts with interlayer spacing of 1 mm,1.5 mm and 2 mm were prepared by friction stir deposition process in this study.The effects of interlayer spacing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposited parts were analyzed.The results show that when the interlayer spacing was reduced from 2 mm to 1 mm,the dense defect-free area of the deposited part was expanded from 24.5 mm to 33 mm,and the material bonding was more sufficient.At the same time,the grains of the deposited parts were obviously refined,and the average grain size was reduced from 3.69μm to 2.27μm.The hardness of the deposited parts did not change significantly,and the overall hardness gradient increased,but the homogeneity was better.The tensile strength and elongation of the deposited parts in the construction direction increased by 26 MPa and 3%,respectively,while the longitudinal mechanical properties did not change much.When the interlayer spacing was 1 mm,the deposited parts show the best material properties,the yield strength was 122 MPa,the tensile strength was 207 MPa,the elongation after fracture was 7%,and the average hardness was 75.6 HV.

关 键 词：层间距 增材制造 搅拌摩擦沉积 铝合金 组织和力学性能 

分 类 号：TG495[金属学及工艺—焊接]