地理空间创新突破:流动人才多样性与多维邻近性影响  

Geospatial Innovation Breakthroughs:A Study on the Impact of Talent Birthplace Diversity and Multidimensional Proximity

作　　者：金文纨 贺馨仪 朱晟君[4] 张旭东 Jin Wenwan;He Xinyi;Zhu Shengjun;Zhang Xudong(Department of Geography and Spatial Information Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Donghai Academy,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Peking University-Lincoln Institute Center for Urban Development and Land Policy,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学浙江省陆海国土空间利用与治理协同创新中心,浙江宁波315211 [3]宁波大学东海研究院,浙江宁波315211 [4]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [5]北京大学—林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《热带地理》2025年第2期275-290,共16页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42401195);教育部人文社科基金项目(24YJC790079);宁波市哲学社会科学规划项目(G2024-1-04)。

摘　　要：利用全球专利数据库,从人才流动视角探讨人才来源国多样性对目的国实现空间维度创新突破的影响,并进一步分解地理、文化与制度距离,剖析在多样性外来群体中具有更强作用的部分。研究发现,高技能人才来源国多样性有利于目的国突破现有知识基础,形成关联程度较低的技术创新,从而拓展技术创新的空间维度。此外,“来源国-目的国”之间的多维邻近性会影响多样性群体积极作用的发挥。具体而言,地理距离较远而文化距离较近的国家之间,人才多样性对突破性创新的促进作用更为显著,而制度距离的影响并不显著。In the knowledge economy era,technological innovation has become increasingly crucial in forming international competitive advantages and driving national economic development.However,the global distribution of technological innovation remains uneven,with a sustained"core-periphery"structure.From the perspective of evolutionary economic geography,technological development paths are closely linked to the local knowledge base,making it generally difficult to overcome spatial constraints.Consequently,the path-dependent nature of national technological development may reinforce the disadvantageous position of late-developed countries in global technological progress,further widening the technological development gap.In this context,exploring how latecomer countries can achieve innovation breakthroughs spatially becomes essential.From the viewpoint of talent mobility,we employ a global patent database and data on the stock of highly skilled mobile talent to construct a country-time-level econometric model to analyze the impact of birthplace diversity among highly skilled talent on the ability of destination countries to achieve place-breaking innovations.Additionally,we conduct group regression based on multidimensional proximity(geographic,cultural,and institutional)to analyze the varying roles of different talent groups.Our findings reveal that greater diversity in the birthplaces of mobile talent significantly increases the likelihood of destination countries accessing new technological fields unrelated to their existing knowledge base.This suggests that the diversity of talent's country of origin positively influences place-breaking innovations in the destination country.Moreover,we find that multidimensional proximity affects the mechanism by which talent diversity drives place-breaking innovations.Specifically,talent diversity has a stronger impact on breakthroughs between geographically and culturally distant countries,while institutional distance appears less significant.This is likely because mobile talent fr

关 键 词：空间创新突破 人才流动 来源国多样性 多维邻近性 

分 类 号：C924[社会学—人口学]