“思维茧房”: 思想史视域下晚清近代科学建立与发展的独特困境  

Thinking Cocoon:the Unique Dilemma in Establishment and Development of Modern Science in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of History of Thoughts

作　　者：赵鲁臻 艾硕 Zhao Luzhen;Ai Shuo(School of Marxism,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学马克思主义学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《洛阳师范学院学报》2025年第1期27-31,共5页Journal of Luoyang Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究高校思想政治理论课教师研究专项一般项目(24JDSZK004)。

摘　　要：“思维茧房”是指由直觉意会式传统思维路径固化而成的认知屏障。晚清西学东渐时期,这一思维屏障表现为“中体西用”对西学内容的扭曲变易,同“西学中源”对西学属性的重塑定位这二者相互交织、相互强化,从而致使输入的近代科学因素仍旧无法引发传统学术的理路重构与内容革新,这是近代科学难以在晚清社会得以建立与发展的重要原因。时至甲午战败,严峻的现实危机才使“思维茧房”出现裂缝。严复、梁启超等进步思想家开始关注并批判传统思维方式对中国科学发展的阻碍作用,并力图引介西方逻辑学以救其弊,揭开了这场堪称“换脑筋”的思维转型历程的序幕。“Thinking cocoon”refers to the cognitive barrier consolidated by traditional thinking approaches of intuitive understanding.During the period of the eastward transmission of Western learning in the late Qing Dynasty,this thinking barrier was manifested in the distortion and differentiation in the contents of Western learning due to the idea“Chinese essence and Western utility”,which is intertwined and mutually reinforced with the reshaping and positioning of the attributes of Western learning due to the idea“western learning originating in China”,thus the input of knowledge in modern science was still unable to trigger the reconstruction of traditional academic approaches and content innovation in China.As a result,modern science was difficult to taking root for development in the late Qing society.Until the defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,a tiny crack began to appear in the thinking cocoon due to the severe social crisis.Some progressive thinkers such as Yan Fu and Liang Qichao began to criticize the hindering effects of traditional thinking modes on scientific development,they tried to introduce Western logic to redress its disadvantages,thus they began to promote the“brainstorming”thinking transformation in modern China.

关 键 词：“思维茧房” 直觉意会 近代科学 思维方式 文化心态 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]