海底隧道钻爆施工对已建码头安全的影响分析  

The effect of drilling and blasting construction of subsea tunnel on the safety of the pre-existing wharf

作　　者：黄鑫[1] 梁泽华 肖忠[1] 丁嵬[2] HUANG Xin;LIANG Zehua;XIAO Zhong;DING Wei(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津300072 [2]中交水运规划设计院有限公司,北京100007

出　　处：《水道港口》2025年第1期141-149,共9页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2604200);国家自然科学基金项目(51879187,51678403)。

摘　　要：胶州湾规划建设一海底隧道,入海后将穿过已建原油码头下方。由于与成品油储油区、油码头建筑物等距离有限,海底隧道钻爆施工引起的地表振动可能对已建原油码头的安全性产生不利影响。文章为研究钻爆施工的可行性,根据钻爆施工时爆源与码头位置的相对关系,在隧道沿线选取可能发生的14种不利工况,并基于显式动力有限元法对海底隧道钻爆施工的爆破过程和应力波在围岩中的传播过程进行仿真分析,根据不同的安全性要求确定了对应的炮眼装药量、起爆次数等详细施工参数。结果表明:通过合理控制药量可使地表振动响应小于各建筑物对应控制速度,钻爆施工引起的应力波频率很高,但在围岩内传播时存在明显衰减,建议根据现场试爆数据和有限元模型计算结果指导实际施工。A subsea tunnel was planned and constructed in Jiaozhou Bay,which would pass beneath an existing crude oil terminal after entering the sea.Due to the limited distance from the refined oil storage area and the terminal structures,the surface vibrations induced by the drilling and blasting construction of the subsea tunnel could potentially adversely affect the safety of the existing crude oil terminal.To investigate the feasibility of the drilling and blasting construction,14 unfavorable working conditions that might occur along the tunnel alignment were selected based on the relative positions of the blast source and the terminal during construction.The blasting process and the propagation of stress waves through the surrounding rock were simulated using the explicit dynamic finite element method.Detailed construction parameters,such as the charge amount per borehole and the number of blasts,were determined according to different safety requirements.The results indicate that by reasonably controlling the charge amount,the surface vibration response can be kept below the corresponding control velocities for each structure.Although the frequency of the stress waves generated by the drilling and blasting construction is high,significant attenuation occurs as they propagate through the surrounding rock.It is recommended that actual construction be guided by on-site trial blasting data and the results of the finite element model calculations.

关 键 词：钻爆施工 显式动力有限元法 海底隧道 码头建筑物 地表振动响应 动力增强系数 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]