新疆神话考古与中华西域文明演进  

The Mythological Archaeology of Xinjiang and the Evolution of Western Regions’Civilization in China

作　　者：孙海芳 杜梦 SUN Hai-fang;DU Meng(School of Art,Xi’an International Studies University,Xi’an 710128,Shanxi,China;School of History,Renmin University of China,100872,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学艺术学院,陕西西安710128 [2]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《石河子大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期110-117,共8页Journal of Shihezi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新疆古道考古遗存与中华民族共同体历史建构研究”(23BMZ146)。

摘　　要：结合考古遗存、历史文献及民族志材料等多重证据,可见新疆“洪水神话”的缺类与“干旱神话”的丰富表达,反映了早期西域自然环境的特征,以及该区域先民为适应自然环境形成的经验认知与心理期待。早期采集为主、狩猎为辅的生活方式催生了植物、动物崇拜的单一神话母题;原始农业与饲养牲畜的发展使得多种起源或者叠加原型的神话母题大量出现;族群集体观念促生出族群诞生的系统性神话母题,新疆神话与该区域族群的生产生活方式形成了一定的对应关系,表达出该区域生计模式的变迁。“昆仑神话”是中华神话的重要组成部分,新疆神话或者关于新疆的神话呈现出早期多元文化交流交融的演进态势,对中华民族多元一体格局的形成、中华民族共同体的建构起到了重要的统合作用。Combined with multiple sources of evidence,such as archaeological remains,historical documents,and ethnographic materials,it is evident that the lack of“flood myths”and the rich expressions of“drought myths”in Xinjiang reflect the features of the natural environment in the early Western Regions,as well as the empirical cognition and psychological expectations of the region’s ancestors to adapt to natural environment.The early lifestyle,primarily based on gathering and supplemented by hunting,gave birth to the emergence of single mythological motif related to plant and animal worship;The development of primitive agriculture and animal husbandry gave rise to numerous mythological themes of various origins or superimposed archetypes;The ethnic collective consciousness of the ethnic groups fostered systematic mythological themes regarding the birth of the ethnic groups,and Xinjiang myths correspond to the production and lifestyle patterns of the region’s ethnic groups,expressing the transformation of livelihood patterns in the region.The“Kunlun myth”is an important component of Chinese mythology.Xinjiang myths,or myths related to Xinjiang,demonstrate the early evolution of multicultural exchange and integration,playing a significant unifying role in the formation of the pattern of multi-ethnic unity of the Chinese nation and the construction of the Chinese national community.

关 键 词：新疆神话 环境变迁 生计模式 中华西域文明演进 多元一体 

分 类 号：I207.7[文学—中国文学]