数字金融使用与农村家庭“未富先奢”  

The Use of Digital Finance Lead and Rural Households’“Extravagance before Rich”

作　　者：黄祺雨 周云波[1] HUANG Qi-yu;ZHOU Yun-bo(School of Economics,Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《消费经济》2024年第6期37-48,共12页Consumer Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA052);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874089)。

摘　　要：作为推动经济社会发展、促进消费升级的重要力量,数字金融的下沉式发展为农村贫困家庭的“超前消费”行为提供先决条件。本文使用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,探究数字金融使用对农村贫困家庭享受型消费的影响。研究表明,数字金融使用对农村贫困家庭享受型消费具有显著的正向影响,引致“未富先奢”的非理性行为,且经过一系列稳健性检验后,结果保持稳健。机制分析表明,数字金融使用主要通过缓解信贷约束、提升支付便利性和减少预防性储蓄等渠道影响农村贫困家庭的享受型消费。异质性分析表明,数字金融使用的影响作用主要体现在金融素养较低、非文盲和风险中性等群体。进一步研究表明,在“消费主义”思潮和“贫困心理”的交织影响下,数字金融使用更容易诱导农村贫困家庭享受型消费的提升;相较于农村相对贫困家庭,数字金融使用对农村绝对贫困家庭的影响作用更大。因此,在供给侧,应完善数字金融监管体系,加强信贷资金流向监管;在需求侧,应在未来相对贫困治理中强化心理扶贫,激发贫困家庭内生动力。The digital finance,as a significant driver of economic and social progress,downward expands to rural areas,laying the groundwork for the emergence of“Advanced Consumption”behaviors among impoverished rural families.Based on the data from the China Household Financial Survey(CHFS)for the years 2015,2017 and 2019,our analysis reveals a significantly positive association between the use of digital finance and hedonistic consumption among these households,leading to the phenomenon of“Extravagance before Rich”.These results remain robust after a series of robustness tests.Mechanism analysis suggests that the use of digital finance mainly enhances hedonic consumption of impoverished rural households by mitigating credit constraints,improving payment convenience,and diminishing precautionary savings.Furthermore,our examination of demographic variations underscores a pronounced promotional effect of digital finance usage among whom with low level of financial literacy,being literacy,and risk neutrality.Further investigation indicates the amplifying compound impact of“Consumerism”trend and“Poverty Mentality”on the propensity for hedonistic consumption among impoverished rural communities.In contrast to relatively impoverished rural households,the use of digital finance exhibits a more pronounced promotional impact on rural households in absolute poverty.Consequently,it is imperative to fortify the regulatory system governing digital finance,particularly the oversight of credit flows.Concurrently,interventions aimed at psychological poverty alleviation and the cultivation of intrinsic motivation within impoverished households are essential on the demand side.

关 键 词：数字金融 享受型消费 农村贫困家庭 消费主义 贫困心理 

分 类 号：F832.479[经济管理—金融学]