第五代移动通信技术预防老年人日常生活活动能力受损的效果评估  

Evaluation of the effectiveness of 5th generation mobile communication technology in preventing declines in activities of daily living among the elderly

作　　者：汤华萌 杨培森 袁典琪 王明星 杨晗冰 郭超[1,2] TANG Huameng;YANG Peisen;YUAN Dianqi;WANG Mingxing;YANG Hanbing;GUO Chao(Institute of Population Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871 [2]北京大学亚太经合组织健康科学研究院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第12期1498-1504,共7页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82103955)。

摘　　要：目的评估第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology,5G)预防老年人日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADL)受损风险的效果,分析宏观科技发展对老年人残疾预防的作用。方法本研究使用中国家庭追踪调查(China Family Panel Studies,CFPS)的第5轮(2018年)和第6轮(2020年)追踪调查形成个体面板数据,并统计2次调查期间全国各地区的5G发展情况,采用基于双向固定效应的双重差分法模型,分析处于由5G政策数量所衡量的不同5G发展程度的老年人的ADL受损情况,以及在5G政策前后的差异,进一步对不同性别、年龄、城乡老年人进行亚组分析和稳健性检验。结果本研究纳入2981名老年人,双重差分结果显示,在5G政策起效后,5G政策发展程度每增加1个单位,老年人ADL受损的风险减小22%(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.65~0.94)。5G政策对老年人ADL的保护作用在60~<75岁的老年人(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.64~0.96)、男性(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.52~0.94)和城市老年人(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.55~0.93)中更显著。结论5G技术的发展能够降低老年人ADL受损的风险,且这种预防作用在<75岁、城市和男性老年人中尤为显著。中国老年人口共享科技发展成果已初步显现,未来应加强关注高龄、农村、女性老年人群,帮助更多老年人融入5G智能环境,实现人口高质量发展。Objective To analyze the effectiveness of the development of 5th generation mobile communication technology(5G)in reducing the risk of declines in activities of daily living(ADL)among the elderly and to analyze the impact of macro-level technological advancements on disability prevention in this demographic.Methods Utilizing panel data from the 5th(2018)and 6th(2020)waves of the China Family Panel Studies,this research assesses the development of 5G technology across various regions during these periods.A difference-in-difference(DID)model based on a two-way fixed effects approach was employed to analyze the ADL impairment among the elderly at varying levels of 5G policy implementation and the differences pre-and post-policy.Sub-group analysis and robustness checks were conducted for different genders,age groups,and urban-rural divides.Results The study included 2981 elderly participants.The DID results indicated that following the implementa-tion of 5G policies,each unit increase in the level of 5G development was associated with a 22%reduction in the risk of ADL impairment among the elderly(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.65-0.94).The protective effect of 5G policies on the risk of impaired ADL of older adults was significant among those aged 60 to 74 years(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.64-0.96),male(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.52-0.94),and urban residents(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.55-O.93).Conclusions The development of 5G technology has a significant protective effect on impaired ADL among the elderly,particularly among those under 75 years of age,urban dwellers,and males.The preliminary benefits of technological development for the elderly population in China are evident;however,future efforts should focus on supporting older adults in rural areas,females,and those of advanced age to facilitate their inte gration into the 5G-enabled environment and achieve high-quality development.

关 键 词：第五代移动通信技术 日常生活活动能力 数字鸿沟 老年人 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]