广东省佛山市职业病患者心理健康现状及影响因素分析  

Current situation and influencing factors of mental health of patients with occupational diseases in Foshan,Guangdong

作　　者：邓惠琼 谭强 陈婉霞 欧阳东海 禹成成 DENG Hui-qiong;TAN Qiang;CHEN Wan-xia;OUyang Dong-hai;YU Cheng-cheng(Occupational Health Monitoring Department,Foshan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute(Foshan Institute of Occupational Health),Guangdong528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市职业病防治所(佛山市职业健康研究院)职业健康监护科,广东528000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第11期817-821,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：广东省佛山市卫生健康局医学科研课题立项项目(20230350)。

摘　　要：目的 调查佛山市职业病患者的心理健康状况,分析可能的影响因素,探讨促进其身心健康发展的干预对策。方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、一般情况调查量表,对2023年3月-2024年3月在佛山市某职业病诊断机构被确诊为职业病的患者进行问卷调查,了解其心理健康状况及分析可能的影响因素。结果 完成调查的职业病患者共143例,检出SCL-90筛查阳性患者43例,占30.1%。与全国常模比较,职业病患者SCL-90总分(t1=2.677)和躯体化(t1=6.266)、焦虑(t1=3.455)、恐怖(t1=3.464)、精神病性(t1=4.237)因子评分均高(P<0.01);与广东省职业病患者比较,职业病患者SCL-90总分(t2=-4.101)和人际关系敏感(t2=-5.149)、抑郁(t2=-6.126)、焦虑(t2=-3.005)、敌对(t2=-8.031)评分均较低(P<0.01)。单因素分析发现,家庭经济状况(χ^(2)=23.851)、职业病种类(χ^(2)=4.759)是影响职业病患者心理健康的主要因素(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,家庭经济状况是职业病患者心理健康的影响因素(OR=7.541,95%CI:3.062~18.573,P<0.05)。结论 佛山市职业病患者的心理健康状况较正常人群差,家庭经济状况越差,心理健康问题出现的风险越高。Objective To investigate the mental health status of occupational disease patients in Foshan city,analyze pos-sible influencing factors,and explore intervention strategies to promote the physical and mental health development.Methods Patients diagnosed with occupational diseases in an occupational disease diagnosis institution in Foshan city from March 2023 to March 2024 were surveyed using the Symptom Check-List(SCL-90)and the General Situation Ques-tionnaire to understand their mental health status and analyze possible influencing factors.Results A total of 143 occu-pational disease patients completed the survey,and 43 patients were screened positive for SCL-90,accounting for 30.1%.Compared to the national norm,the total SCL-90 score and the scores of four factors including somatization,anxiety,phobia and psychosis were all higher,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).In comparison with oc-cupational disease patients in Guangdong province,the total SCL-90 score and the scores of 4 factors such as interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,and hostility were lower in occupational disease patients,and the differences were statisti-cally significant(P<0.O1).Univariate analysis found that family economic status and occupational disease types(P<0.05)were the main factors affecting the mental health of patients with occupational diseases.Logistic regression analysis showed that family financial status was the main risk factor for psychological problems in occupational disease patients(OR=7.541,95%CI:3.062-18.573,P<0.05).Conclusion The mental health status of occupational disease pa-tients in Foshan city is poorer than that of the normal population,and the poorer the family's economic status,the higher the risk of mental health problems.

关 键 词：职业病 心理健康 影响因素 心理干预 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]