钒钛磁铁矿提钒尾渣综合利用工艺研究进展及展望  

Research progress and prospect of comprehensive utilization technology of vanadium extraction tailings from vanadium-titanium magnetite

作　　者：王新宇[1,2] 赵海泉 齐渊洪 王锋[1] Wang Xinyu;Zhao Haiquan;Qi Yuanhong;Wang Feng(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Steel Processes and Products,CISRI,Beijing 100081,China;School of Vanadium and Titanium,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院,先进钢铁流程及材料国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]攀枝花学院钒钛学院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《钢铁钒钛》2024年第6期50-58,共9页Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium

摘　　要：钒钛磁铁矿提钒尾渣是转炉钒渣提钒的副产品,因含有多种有价元素而极具回收价值。但因目前缺乏有效的利用工艺而大量填埋或堆积,造成资源浪费和环境污染。根据钒渣提钒工艺和化学成分对钒钛磁铁矿提钒尾渣进行了分类,阐述了采用氧化法(包括氧化焙烧、电场耦合H_(2)O_(2)+CaF_(2)浸出法)、直接浸出法(包括酸浸和亚熔盐法)、还原法(包括熔融还原和直接还原)对提钒尾渣中有价元素提取的原理和优缺点,以及作为功能材料用于制备蓄热材料的研究现状。认为酸浸工艺是当前研究的热点,但熔融还原能够同时回收铁、钒、铬、钛,具有综合回收率高、工艺流程短的特点,应用前景较广。指出了当前综合利用工艺存在的问题,提出了火法冶金+湿法冶金+物理分离的耦合技术以及作为热能蓄热材料使用的研究方向,并应加强终渣、废液排放的监管力度和毒性检测的研究,为钒钛磁铁矿提钒尾渣的高值化、无害化综合利用提供参考。Vanadium extraction tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite,as a by-product of vanadium extraction from converter vanadium slag,have great recovery value because of containing many valuable elements.However,due to the lack of effective utilization technology,they are currently being landfilled or stockpiled in large quantities,leading to resource waste and environmental pollution,resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.In this paper vanadium extraction tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite had been classified based on vanadium extraction technology from vanadium slag and their chemical composition.The principle,advantages and disadvantages of extracting valuable elements from vanadium extraction tailings by oxidation method(including oxidation roasting,electric field coupled leaching of H_(2)O_(2)+CaF_(2)),direct leaching(including acid leaching and submolten salt process)and reduction method(including melting reduction and direct reduction)were described The current research status of using them as functional materials for preparing thermal storage materials had been discussed.Acid leaching process is considered to be a hot topic of current research.However,smelting reduction can simultaneously recover iron,vanadium,chromium and titanium,featuring a high comprehensive recovery rate and short process,and therefore has a broader application prospect.Then he problems existing in the current comprehensive utilization process were pointed out.And the coupling technology of pyrometallurgy+hydrometallurgy+physical separation was proposed,as well as research directions for their use as solar thermal storage materials.In addition,the supervision of final residue and waste liquid discharge and the research on toxicity detection should be strengthened.It is hoped these introductions can provide reference for the development direction of high value and harmless comprehensive utilization of vanadium extraction tailings from vanadium titanium magnetite.

关 键 词：钒钛磁铁矿 提钒尾渣 钒 铬 提取工艺 蓄热材料 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]