类泛素化修饰在卵母细胞减数分裂过程中的作用研究进展  

Advances in the Role of Sumoylation Modification in Oocytes Meiosis

作　　者：刘航瑀 陈璇[1] LIU Hangyu;CHEN Xuan(Agriculture College of Yanbian University,Jilin Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2025年第2期50-54,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：延边大学博士启动基金(602024044)。

摘　　要：类泛素化修饰(Ubiquitin-like modification,SUMOylation)是哺乳动物一种重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰(Protein Post-Translational Modifications,PTMs)。SUMOylation是由类泛素蛋白(Smallubiquitin-Related Modifier,SUMO)家族、多种SUMO修饰酶和一些SUMO特异性蛋白酶共同完成,SUMO化在细胞的生理活动中起到重要的调控作用。研究发现,在卵母细胞中着丝粒相关蛋白的SUMO化减少,使大量姐妹染色单体过早分离;纺锤体相关蛋白SUMO化减少会造成第2次减数分裂中期卵母细胞中的纺锤体紊乱。本文对SUMO化修饰及其在卵母细胞减数分裂过程中对着丝点和纺锤体的影响进行综述,以期为改善母畜生殖障碍提供理论依据。Ubiquitin-like modifications(SUMOylation)constitute a crucial type of protein post-translational modifications(PTMs)in mammals.SUMOylation involves the Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier(SUMO)family,various SUMO modifying enzymes,and specific SUMO proteases.SUMOylation serves a significant regulatory function in cellular physiological processes.Studies have revealed that reduced SUMOylation of centromere-related proteins in oocytes leads to premature separation of numerous sister chromatids.Additionally,decreased SUMOylation of spindle-related proteins can cause spindle disorders in oocytes during the second meiotic metaphase.This article reviews SUMOylation and its impacts on the centromere and spindle during oocyte meiosis,aiming to offer a theoretical foundation for mitigating reproductive disorders in female animals.

关 键 词：卵母细胞 减数分裂 SUMO化修饰 着丝点 纺锤体 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]