基于镓固定点的空间红外辐射基准黑体研究  

Research on space infrared radiation standard blackbody based on gallium fixed point SIMA Ruiheng

作　　者：司马瑞衡 宋健[2,3] 徐春媛 许鑫[2,3] 郝小鹏 齐宏 SIMA Ruiheng;SONG Jian;XU Chunyuan;XU Xin;HAO Xiaopeng;QI Hong(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 15001,China;Remote Sensing Calibration Laboratory,National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;Technology Innovation Center of Metrology Technology of Infrared Remote Sensing State Administration for Market Regulation,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]中国计量科学研究院遥感实验室,北京100029 [3]国家市场监督管理总局技术创新中心(红外遥感定标与计量技术),北京100029

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第2期1-10,共10页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB3905402,2022YFF0610800);国家自然科学基金项目(52476065);国家杰出青年基金项目(62425506)。

摘　　要：长期准确的气候监测是气候研究的前提,弱自然气候年际变化趋势监测需要在全球覆盖的统一观测平台上进行长达几十年的时间序列辐射测量。然而,在复杂空间环境中保证仪器的长期稳定性和准确性是困难的,在轨测量传感器和计量校准器的漂移将导致卫星观测发生变化。展示了新一代的镓固定点空间红外辐射基准黑体,将国际温标定义温度基准原器“相变固定点”引入空间应用,通过复现包裹辐射界面的镓基材料在相变过程中稳定熔融温度曲线实现对温度的空间溯源,并将其传递到红外载荷,建立由国际温标(ITS-90)到空间红外辐射参考源辐亮度温度的量值传递链。黑体腔采用60 mm的光阑口径、230 mm的腔深以及32°的腔内锥角结构,相变过程中的辐射面温度均匀性优于15 mK。通过基于比对法和控制环境辐射的反射比法进行的光学试验,获得了在5~16μm波段内均值为302.907 K的辐亮度温度及0.9993发射率测试结果。此外,长达四年的重复相变试验证实了其长期复现性可达到0.003 K以内。根据不确定度评估方法,合成标准不确定度(k=1)优于0.024 K。该工作可有效应用于空间红外辐射温度溯源,并有望成为未来空间红外观测的基准仪器。Objective The primary objective of this study is to improve the accuracy and reliability of space infrared radiation measurements by developing an advanced gallium fixed-point space infrared radiation standard blackbody.By combining the gallium fixed-point with a standard blackbody,stable melting temperature curves during phase transition are reproduced,enabling precise traceability and measurement of in-orbit temperatures.This is crucial for long-term climate monitoring and ensures the traceability of climate data obtained from satellite sources.The project supports the reliable tracking of subtle climate changes over extended periods through satellite observations.Methods The developed gallium fixed point space infrared radiation standard blackbody includes parts such as the inner chamber,outer chamber,protective layer,constant temperature sleeve,shell,grating,and fixed structure.The inner wall is coated with a high emissivity coating,gallium of high purity is poured in,and five temperature sensors and two heating regions are set to precisely control and measure temperature(Fig.1 and Fig.2).The Monte Carlo method for emissivity simulation is a key factor in optimizing the blackbody design,and obtained a theoretical emissivity of 0.9994 through a specific chamber size(diameter of 60 mm,depth of 230 mm,32°cone angle)as shown in Fig.3.By setting boundary solution conditions and iteratively solving using the finite element method,obtaining the thermal properties such as temperature field uniformity in the phase transition stage of the blackbody(Fig.4).In addition,conducting performance tests such as infrared spectral brightness temperature test,emissivity test,phase transition reproduction test,and radiation-contact temperature comparison.Results and Discussions The implemented Gallium Fixed Point Blackbody demonstrated remarkable accuracy and stability in its performance.It achieved a radiant brightness mean temperature of 302.907 K across a wavelength range of 5μm to 16μm(Fig.5).The emissivity test result was

关 键 词：红外遥感 辐射定标 黑体 镓固定点 亮度温度 

分 类 号：TB942[一般工业技术—计量学]