基于互补集合经验模态分解的相位敏感光时域反射计系统降噪方法  

Noise reduction method for phase-sensitive optical time domain reflector system based on empirical mode decomposition of complementary ensemble

作　　者：岳新博 高旭[1] 高阳 王海涛 鲁秀娥 YUE Xinbo;GAO Xu;GAO Yang;WANG Haitao;LU Xiue(College of Optoelectronic Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;Petrochina Southwest oil and gas Field Company,Chengdu 610000,China;Changchun Automobile Testing Center Limited Liability Company,Changchun 130022,China;Changchun CoherenT Optical Electro-Mechanical Technology Co.,LTD,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学光电工程学院,吉林长春130022 [2]中石油西南油气田分公司,四川成都6140000 [3]长春汽车检测中心有限责任公司,吉林长春130022 [4]长春相干光学机电技术有限公司,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第2期134-148,共15页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：吉林省科技厅自然科学基金面上项目(20230101217JC);吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(KYC-JC-XM-2021-075)。

摘　　要：为了提高相位敏感光时域反射计(Φ-OTDR)系统测量振动信号信噪比,提出了一种基于互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)的新型去噪方法。CEEMD算法对数字正交(I/Q)解调算法获取的瑞利后项散射光幅值信号和相位信号进行分解,经多尺度排列熵(MPE)算法筛选后,通过改进的小波阈值算法进行去噪,并设计采用多元宇宙优化(MVO)算法对参数进行优化。实际搭建了外差式Φ-OTDR系统,经仿真和实际测试验证文中算法有效性。最后,将设计算法与以往的经验模态分解-皮尔逊相关系数(EMD-PCC)、自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)及变分模态分解-改进小波阈值(VMD-NWT)去噪方法进行了对比。结果表明,在10.14 km的传感光纤位置上,该方法对于低频10 Hz、中频200 Hz以及高频1 200 Hz的振动事件,其位置信息信噪比分别可达8.88、30.26、11.90 dB,对不同频率段的振动信号均具备有效的去噪能力,且系统定位精度更高。该方法在提高系统信噪比的同时,成功地对振动信号进行了解调,且解调效果比其他三种算法效果更好,为Φ-OTDR系统降噪研究提供了新思路。Objective The phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer(Φ-OTDR)has many advantages such as high sensitivity,fast response,and large dynamic range,and it has been widely used in fields such as border security,structural health,and oil and gas pipeline monitoring.Due to polarization attenuation,interference attenuation,and Rayleigh backscatter noise,the signal-to-noise ratio of vibration positioning signals is low.Obtaining vibration signals with good signal-to-noise ratio is a key to improving the positioning accuracy of theΦ-OTDR.Methods The proposed method is a complementary set empirical mode decomposition(CEEMD)approach for noise reduction inΦ-OTDR systems.CEEMD essentially resolves the mode aliasing and end effects of EMD by adding white noise(Fig.3).In this paper,multi-scale arrangement entropy(MPE)is designed to evaluate the randomness of the IMF component after CEEMD decomposition(Fig.4),and an improved wavelet threshold function is used to accurately deal with noise(Eq.15).Finally,the multiverse optimization algorithm(MVO)is designed,and the SNR is used as the fitness function to optimize the parameters of the algorithm(Fig.6),so as to achieve the optimal effect of the algorithm.After the vibration signal is simulated by PZT and denoised by the algorithm designed in this paper,the signal-to-noise ratio is used to represent the final denoising effect(Tab.3).Results and Discussions AΦ-OTDR system for heterodyne coherence detection was actually built(Fig.9).The 10.14 km optical fiber end was connected to PZT,and the 600 Hz vibration signal was simulated by PZT to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.The signal collected by the acquisition card is shown in Fig.10(a),and the vibration position diagram obtained after moving the difference is shown in Fig.10(d).The parameters of each algorithm were optimized by MVO algorithm,and the signal was decomposed by CEEMD algorithm(Fig.10(d)).The decomposed IMF component was shown in Fig.12.The randomness of each component was calculated by MPE algorithm

关 键 词：相位敏感光时域反射仪 互补集合经验模态分解算法 多尺度排列熵 改进的小波阈值算法 多元宇宙优化算法 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]