流感疫苗接种对COVID-19及相关结局的影响  

Effect of influenza vaccination on COVID-19 and related outcomes

作　　者：刘天[1] 赵婧[2] 徐健 徐敬明 阮德欣 姚梦雷[1] 宋开发[1] LIU Tian;ZHAO Jing;XU Jian;XU Jingming;RUAN Dexin;YAO Menglei;SONG Kaifa(Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Jingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingzhou,Hubei 434000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]荆州市疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,湖北荆州434000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心卫生应急中心 [3]监利市疾病预防控制中心 [4]石首市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第1期40-44,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家疾控局重大传染病防控项目(10000019Z195110010004);湖北省卫生计生委2018年联合基金项目(WJ2018H256)。

摘　　要：目的评价流感疫苗接种对SARS-CoV-2的易感性、临床症状严重程度及SARS-CoV-2感染后核酸转阴时间的影响。方法以荆州市主城区4家疾病预防控制机构的在职职工为调查对象,2023年1—3月采用自行设计的问卷对2022年6—11月流感疫苗的接种情况和COVID-19的相关情况开展调查。采用二分类和有序logistic回归分析接种流感疫苗对感染SARS-CoV-2、COVID-19的发热症状、COVID-19的发热持续时间、COVID-19的病程以及SARS-CoV-2核酸转阴时间的影响。结果共收到146份问卷,应答率为52.1%。95人既往感染过SARS-CoV-2,51人未感染过SARS-CoV-2;流感疫苗接种72人,未接种74人,接种时间为7—10月。接种流感疫苗对预防COVID-19无明显保护作用(OR=1.66,95%CI:0.74~3.84)。流感疫苗接种组和未接种组发热症状的发生率,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.11~3.51)。接种流感疫苗对缩短发热持续时间(OR=0.81,95%CI:0.29~2.23)、缩短病程(OR=2.44,95%CI:1.01~6.08)无明显保护作用。接种流感疫苗对加快COVID-19患者的SARS-CoV-2核酸转阴无明显作用(OR=2.21,95%CI:0.45~10.80)。所有分析均控制年龄、最高学历、基础疾病史、接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗等因素的影响。结论流感疫苗接种与感染SARS-CoV-2、COVID-19的临床症状及SARS-CoV-2核酸转阴时间均不存在明显关联。Objective To evaluate the impact of influenza vaccination on susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2,severity of clinical symptoms,and time to nucleic acid conversion after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods A survey was conducted among employees of four disease prevention and control agencies in the main urban area of Jingzhou City.A survey of influenza vaccination status and COVID-19 related status from June to November 2022 was conducted from January to March 2023 using a self-designed questionnaire.The effects of influenza vaccination on infection with SARS-CoV-2,fever symptoms of COVID-19,duration of fever of COVID-19,disease course of COVID-19,and time of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid turns to negative were analyzed using binary and ordinal logistic regression.Results A total of 146 questionnaires were received,with a response rate of 52.1%.Among the respondents,95 people had been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 51 people were uninfected.Seventy-two individuals were vaccinated for influenza vaccination,and 74 people were not vaccinated,and the vaccination period was from July to October.Influenza vaccination administration showed no statistically significant protective effect against COVID-19(OR=1.66,95%CI:0.74-3.84).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of fever symptoms between the influenza vaccination and non-vaccination groups(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.11-3.51).Influenza vaccination did not have a significantly protective effect on reducing the duration of fever(OR=0.81,95%CI:0.29-2.23)and reducing the disease course(OR=2.44,95%CI:1.01-6.08).Influenza vaccination had no significant effect on accelerating SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid turns to negative after COVID-19(OR=2.21,95%CI:0.45-10.80).All analyses were adjusted for age,highest education level,medical history of underlying diseases,and administration of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Conclusion There is no significantly associated between influenza vaccination,infection with SARS-CoV-2,clinical symptoms of COVID-19,or time to SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid c

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 新型冠状病毒 流感疫苗 疾病预防控制中心 保护效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]