北魏驸马都尉门第与仕进考述  

A study on the commandant-escort's pedigree and the official career promotion in the Northern Wei dynasty

作　　者：刘军[1] Liu Jun

机构地区：[1]吉林大学古籍研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2025年第1期152-161,192,共11页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中古鲜卑拓跋氏士族化进程研究”(项目编号:19BZS056)。

摘　　要：中国古代的驸马都尉兼具职官与帝婿称号之二元属性。其由管理皇帝副车或副马的普通职事官,到褒崇勋臣贵戚的侍从荣衔,再到帝婿的专门称谓有个复杂的渐变过程。与汉族王朝相比,北魏驸马都尉的演进呈现独特路径,它直接与帝婿身份挂钩,并未重蹈此前的波折。置身门阀士族社会,北魏驸马都尉追踪南朝新动向,以世资三品以上之一流高门为准入资格,映衬拓跋帝室顶级贵胄的门第定位。北魏驸马都尉在释褐起家和仕宦终点方面与汉族王朝无甚差别,但迁转途径迥然有异。前者可轻而易举地晋升三品,而后者必须在四至七品间往复拉锯,历经数种清显职务的过渡才能抵近三品终点线,双方政治地位高下立判。北魏驸马都尉建置固然沿袭汉族王朝,但也会根据自身特色博采众长,实现创新性继承。In ancient China,the title of commandant-escort(FuMa DuWei)possessed the dual attributes of official posi-tion and imperial son-in-law.It has a complex transition from an ordinary post in charge of managing the royal chariot or horse,to attendant martial officer as a preferential treatment toward meritorious nobles,and finally to a specialized title for the emperor's son-in-law.Compared with the Han dynasty,the evolution of comman-dant-escort in the Northern Wei dynasty presents a unique path,which is directly linked to their status as son-in-law and does not repeat the previous tortuous process.Being in the aristocratic society,the commandant-escort in the Northern Wei dynasty tracked the new trends of the Southern dynasties,using first-class pedigree as the admission qualification reflecting the positioning of the top noble for the Tuoba royal family.The com-mandant-escort in the Northern Wei dynasty had little difference from the Han dynasty in terms of the starting and ending of their official career,but their migration paths were vastly different and reflected their respective positions.The establishment of the commandant-escort in the Northern Wei dynasty certainly followed the Han dynasty,but it also drew on the strengths of others based on its own characteristics and achieved innovative inheritance.

关 键 词：北魏 驸马都尉 身份属性 世资门第 仕进特征 

分 类 号：K239.21[历史地理—历史学]