相对论重离子碰撞探索原子核形状  

Nuclear shape explored with relativistic heavy-ion collisions

作　　者：赵鹏巍[1] 宋慧超 周善贵 ZHAO PengWei;SONG HuiChao;ZHOU Shan-Gui(School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Theoretical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院,北京100871 [2]中国科学科院理论物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学》2025年第3期218-220,共3页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

摘　　要：形状是原子核的重要属性,涉及核结构、核衰变、核反应等几乎核物理的所有研究内容,是当前核物理领域的重要前沿方向.最近,STAR国际合作组在利用相对论重离子碰撞探究原子核结构方面的研究取得了重要突破,提出研究和提取原子核形状的新方法,成果发表于最新的《自然》(Nature)期刊中.本文对该文章进行简要的介绍和评论.The shape of atomic nuclei is a fundamental property that influences various aspects of nuclear physics,including nuclear structure,decay,and reactions.Recently,the STAR Collaboration introduced an innovative method to image the shapes of atomic nuclei using ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.Applying this technique to Uranium-238,they observed a shape consistent with results obtained through traditional low-energy methods.In this work,we provide commentary on their findings,which were published in Nature.

关 键 词：相对论重离子碰撞 原子核结构 核形变 

分 类 号：O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O412.1[理学—物理]