影像组学在甲状腺结节定性诊断中的研究进展  

Research progress in radiomics for qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules

作　　者：陈莉军 王琳[3] CHEN Lijun;WANG Lin(Clinical Medicine College,Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of Radiology,Gansu Provincial People's Hospital,Lanzhou 730050,China;Department of Radiology,Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学临床医学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省人民医院放射科,兰州730050 [3]甘肃中医药大学附属医院放射科,兰州730000

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2025年第2期165-171,共7页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(编号:21JR7RA619);甘肃省人民医院院内项目(编号:20GSSY3-9)。

摘　　要：甲状腺结节(thyroid nodule,TN)是最常见的内分泌疾病之一,其发病率随着年龄的增长而增加,早期区分良恶性结节有助于患者的治疗和预后,具有重要的临床意义。传统的影像学方法在TN的诊疗评估中具有不可替代的作用,但受限于主观性,难以提供全面的生物学特征。影像组学通过提取大量医学影像特征,并结合机器学习(machine learning,ML)和统计学分析方法,能够识别并量化疾病特征,为TN的预测、评估和治疗提供了新视角。本文总结了影像组学在TN定性诊断中的最新研究进展,重点探讨了基于超声、CT及MRI等影像组学方法在TN中的研究现况,并讨论了影像组学在TN诊疗中面临的挑战,强调其在改善临床决策中的重要意义,以期为TN的个性化和精准诊疗提供一定参考。Thyroid nodule(TN)is one of the most common endocrine disorders,and its prevalence increases with age.Early differentiation of benign and malignant nodules is crucial for patient treatment and prognosis,and has significant clinical implications.Traditional imaging methods play an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and evaluation of TN.However,due to their subjectivity,they often fail to provide comprehensive biological characteristics.Radiomics,by extracting a large number of medical imaging features and combining machine learning(ML)and statistical analysis methods,can identify and quantify disease characteristics,offering new perspectives for the prediction,evaluation,and treatment of TN.This article summarized the latest research progress in radiomics for the qualitative diagnosis of TN,focusing on the application of radiomics methods based on ultrasound,CT,and MRI in TN.Additionally,it discussed the challenges faced by radiomics in TN diagnosis and treatment,emphasizing its importance in improving clinical decision-making,in order to provide references for personalized and precise management of TN.

关 键 词：甲状腺结节 影像组学 超声检查 磁共振成像 正电子发射断层扫描 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R581.1[医药卫生—诊断学]