温度和寄生蜂对草地贪夜蛾生长发育的影响  

Effects of temperature and parasitoids on the growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda

作　　者：张浩[1] 蒋杰贤[1] 李文伟 岳阳 王金彦 尤春梅 陈义娟 季香云[1] ZHANG Hao;JIANG Jie-Xian;LI Wen-Wei;YUE Yang;WANG Jin-Yan;YOU Chun-Mei;CHEN Yi-Juan;JI Xiang-Yun(Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2024年第6期1268-1279,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：上海市科技创新行动计划农业科技领域项目(23N41900200);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设项目(2022-017)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确温度和寄生蜂对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda生长发育的影响,为更有效的在田间利用淡足侧沟茧蜂Microplitis pallidipes防控草地贪夜蛾提供依据。【方法】通过游标卡尺和电子天平分别测定了14、20、26和32℃温度条件下,被淡足侧沟茧蜂寄生1-4 d的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的体长、头宽、体重和取食量,分析温度和寄生蜂对草地贪夜蛾体长、头宽、体重生长速率以及被寄生幼虫死亡率和存活天数的影响。【结果】草地贪夜蛾幼虫的体长、头宽、体重和取食量均受到温度和寄生2个因素的影响。32℃未寄生处理(第4天)的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的体长、头宽、体重和取食量最高,分别是同期寄生处理组(32℃)的1.76、1.68、7.29和14.25倍,是同期14℃未寄生处理组的2.85、2.77、19.96和19.90倍,是同期14℃寄生处理组的3.30、3.08、34.70和106.38倍。对体长、头宽和体重生长速率分析发现,4个温度条件下,未被寄生组幼虫的生长速率高于寄生组幼虫,其中32℃未被寄生组幼虫最高,14℃被寄生组最低。对被寄生幼虫死亡率和存活时间的分析表明,4个温度条件下,被寄生的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的死亡率(100%)显著高于未被寄生处理组的幼虫(6.67%-16.67%)(P<0.05),未被寄生处理组幼虫的死亡率随温度升高而降低。未寄生处理组幼虫的幼虫期和寄生处理组幼虫的存活时间均随温度升高逐渐缩短。【结论】淡足侧沟茧蜂在不同温度下均能抑制草地贪夜蛾的生长发育并影响其存活,而这种抑制作用在不同温度条件下存在差异。[Aim]To investigate the impact of temperature and the parasitoid Microplitis pallidipes on the growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda,thereby assessing the potential of using M.pallidipes as a biological control for this pest.[Methods]The body length,head width,body weight and food intake of S.frugiperda larvae raised at temperatures of 14,20,26,and 32℃ were measured using vernier calipers and an electronic balance,and the effects of temperature and parasitism on the growth rate and survival of S.frugiperda larvae were analyzed.[Results]Our findings indicate that both temperature and parasite infestation significantly affected the body length,head width,weight,and food intake,of S.frugiperda larvae.Unparasitized larvae raised at 32℃ had 1.76 times the body length,1.68 times the head width,7.29 times the weight,and consumed 14.25 times more food,than those in the parasitized treatment group at the same temperature.They were also 2.85 times the body length,2.77 times the head width,19.96 times the body weight,and consumed 19.90 times more food,than those raised at 14℃ without parasitism,and had 3.30 times the body length,3.08 times the head width,34.70 times the weight,and consumed 106.38 times as much food,than those raised at 14℃ with parasitism.The body length,head width,and body weight,of unparasitized larvae were all greater than those of parasitized larvae at all four temperatures.The highest growth rate was observed in unparasitized larvae raised at 32℃,and the lowest in parasitized larvae raised at 14℃.The mortality rate of parasitized larvae was also significantly higher than that of non-parasitized larvae under all four temperatures(P<0.05).Furthermore,the mortality rate of non-parasitized larvae decreased with increasing temperature,whereas the larval stage of non-parasitized larvae and the survival time of parasitized larvae decreased with increasing temperature.[Conclusion]These findings suggest that M.pallidipes inhibits the growth,development and survival of S.frugiperda at tempe

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 温度 寄生蜂 生长发育 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S433.4[农业科学—植物保护]