水稻蛾类害虫合成性信息素多靶标交配干扰技术的田间评价  

The effectiveness of using high-dose,multi-target sex pheromone dispensers to control Chilo suppressalis,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Sesamia inferens in paddy fields

作　　者：李艳芳 胡平平 朱秀秀[2] 林宇丰 伍绍龙 刘天波 张政兵[2] 杜永均[4] LI Yan-Fang;HU Ping-Ping;ZHU Xiu-Xiu;LIN Yu-Feng;WU Shao-Long;LIU Tian-Bo;ZHANG Zheng-Bing;DU Yong-Jun(Hunan Province Youxian Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Youxian 412300,China;Hunan Province Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Changsha 410006,China;Hunan Tobacco Research Institute,Changsha 410004,China;Zhejiang University Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省攸县植保植检站,攸县412300 [2]湖南省植保植检站,长沙410006 [3]湖南省烟草研究所,长沙410004 [4]浙江大学农药与环境毒理研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2024年第6期1331-1342,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201027(LS-11)]。

摘　　要：【目的】探索性信息素交配干扰法对水稻二化螟Chilo supperssalis、大螟Sesamia inferens和稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis求偶行为和防控效果的影响,以及对非靶标害虫稻飞虱Nilaparvata lugens种群的影响。【方法】在湖南攸县晚稻田中设置释放器,在每日晚上求偶期主动喷射超剂量性信息素,同期性诱监测二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和大螟的蛾量,田间调查二化螟、大螟和稻纵卷叶螟的危害率和幼虫密度,以及褐飞虱的虫量。【结果】多靶标性信息素释放器释放的气味有效干扰了二化螟、大螟和稻纵卷叶螟的求偶行为,田间3种鳞翅目害虫的诱蛾量显著下降,二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和大螟的平均总迷向率分别为86.84%±1.69%、86.18%±2.16%和86.13%±1.92%。二化螟田间危害情况调查交配干扰区平均防效为81.08%±4.73%,相对对照区幼虫减退率为85.25%±4.89%。稻纵卷叶螟田间危害情况调查交配干扰区平均防效为90.63%±3.06%。大螟田间危害调查发现交配干扰区平均防效为56.85%±3.53%,幼虫减退率为54.97%±3.52%。交配干扰区的稻飞虱种群数量显著低于对照区(t=4.12,df=18,P<0.001),平均减少83.54%±2.29%。在对照区,二化螟外围幼虫数量显著高于中间田块(F=20.17,df=9,P<0.001),但在交配干扰环境下,二化螟在水稻的外围密度与中间田块无显著差异(F=0.112,df=9,P=0.895)。【结论】多靶标性信息素释放器可通过直接干扰求偶行为有效防控二化螟、大螟和稻纵卷叶螟,可能由于保护了田间天敌种群,间接抑制了稻飞虱的种群数量。[Aim]To investigate the effectiveness of using pheromones to disrupt the mating of the striped rice stem borer,Chilo suppressalis,the rice leaf-roller,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,the pink stem borer,Sesamia inferens,as well as a non-targeted pest,the brown planthopper,Nilaparavata lugens.[Methods]High-dose,multi-target sex pheromone dispensers and pheromone traps were deployed in paddy fields and the number of adult moths of the above species captured,the amount of crop damage,the larval density of pests,and the abundance of brown planthoppers,were monitored.[Results]Pheromone dispensers effectively disrupted the mating behavior of Ch.suppressalis,Cn.medinalis and S.inferens,and significantly reduced the number of adults of these species captured.The average,total,disruption rates for Ch.suppressalis,Cn.medinalis and S.inferens moths were,86.84%±1.69%,86.18%±2.16%,and 86.13%±1.92%,respectively.The average abundance of Ch.suppressalis adults and larvae in the treatment area were 81.08%±4.73% and 85.25%±4.89%,respectively,less than in the control area.The average abundance of adult Cn.medinalis was 90.63%±3.06% less than in the control area,whereas the average abundance of S.inferens adults and larvae in the treatment area were 56.85%±3.53% and 54.97%±3.52%,respectively,less abundant than in the control area.The abundance of N.lugens in the treatment area was significantly lower than in the control,with an average reduction of 83.54%±2.29%(t=4.12,df=18,P<0.001).[Conclusion]Multi-targeted sex pheromone dispensers effectively controlled rice yellow stem borers,rice pink stem borers and rice leaf rollers,by disrupting their mating behavior,and may also indirectly suppress the population of rice planthoppers by protecting populations of their natural enemies in the field.

关 键 词：二化螟 稻纵卷叶螟 大螟 稻飞虱 性信息素 交配干扰 

分 类 号：S435.112.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]