2024年泌尿系结石诊治进展  

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary stones in 2024

作　　者：洪扬[1] 许清泉[1] Hong Yang;Xu Qingquan(Department of Urology,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing,100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院泌尿外科,北京100044

出　　处：《泌尿外科杂志(电子版)》2025年第1期3-10,共8页Journal of Urology for Clinicians(Electronic Version)

摘　　要：泌尿系结石是常见泌尿系统疾病之一,2024年泌尿系结石诊治取得了重要进展,包括新一代基因组学研究揭示了更多与结石形成相关的遗传变异;人工智能、机器深度学习、大数据等技术在泌尿系结石诊治方面得到广泛应用,显著提高了临床诊治水平;新型一次性电子输尿管软镜、肾镜及配套智能控温控压技术使得结石微创手术更加安全有效;更多机器人辅助结石手术平台开展临床应用;药物预防结石复发取得新的成果。这些进展将有助于为患者提供个体化的管理方案,显著提高治疗效果,改善患者的生活质量。Urinary tract stones represent one of the most common diseases affecting the urinary system,and 2024 has witnessed significant advancements in both diagnostic techniques and treatment methods for this condition.New-generation genomics research has unveiled a greater number of genetic variations associated with stone formation,offering deeper insights into the genetic underpinnings of urolithiasis.Furthermore,the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence(AI),machine deep learning,and big data analytics into the diagnosis and management of urinary stones has dramatically improved clinical outcomes.The introduction of disposable electronic ureteroscopes and nephroscopes,alongside intelligent temperature and pressure control technologies,has made minimally invasive stone surgery not only safer but also more efficient,reducing postoperative complications and enhancing patient recovery.The development and clinical application of robotic-assisted stone surgery plaforms are pushing the boundaries of what is possible in urological surgery,marking a new era of precision and automation.Significant strides have also been made in pharmacological prevention strategies aimed at preventing stone recurrence.These advances allow for the formulation of personalized management plans tailored to individual patient needs,leading to markedly improved treatment efficacy and quality of life for those affected by urinary stones.

关 键 词：泌尿系结石 基因组学 人工智能 药物预防 结石复发 

分 类 号：R691.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]