法国基础研究发展态势分析及对我国的启示  

Analysis of the Development Trends of Basic Research in France and Its Enlightenments for China

作　　者：王腾[1] 王逸民 唐福杰[2] 王琨[2] 张永冀[1] WANG Teng;WANG Yimin;TANG Fujie;WANG Kun;ZHANG Yongji(Beijing Institute of Technology,School of Management,Beijing 100081,China;Bureau of Finance,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理学院,北京100081 [2]国家自然科学基金委员会财务局,北京100085

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2025年第1期143-157,共15页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项“国外基础研究投入政策跟踪及影响研究(2022—2023)”(J2124095)。

摘　　要：本文梳理了法国基础研究投入政策的发展历程,深入分析了其基础研究经费及人员投入情况、重点投入领域以及评价体系。研究发现,法国基础研究领域获得历届政府的政策支持、长期稳定且高强度的经费投入、充足的高素质科研人员,并且具备合理的经费执行结构和健全的经费评价体系,这些是法国成为世界科技强国的重要动力。在梳理与分析法国基础研究情况的基础上,针对我国基础研究投入的现状,如各主体对基础研究投入的价值认同程度参差不齐、投入带来的创新效果欠佳、投入方式单一,以及制度法规体系存在漏洞等问题,本文提出了四方面建议,以期推动我国基础研究的发展。This paper reviews the evolution of France's policies on investment in basic research,providing an in-depth analysis of the country's funding and personnel allocation for basic research,key areas of investment,and the evaluation system.The study reveals that France's basic research sector benefits from consistent policy support from successive governments,long-term and high-intensity funding,an ample pool of high-quality scientific personnel,and boasts a rational structure for fund execution and a robust system for financial evaluation.These factors contribute significantly to France's status as a global scientific powerhouse.Building on the analysis of France's approach to basic research,this paper addresses the current state of basic research investment in our country,highlighting issues such as the varying degrees of value recognition for basic research investment among different stakeholders,suboptimal innovation outcomes from such investments,a singular approach to investment,and gaps in the regulatory framework.The paper proposes four recommendations aimed at promoting the development of basic research in our country.

关 键 词：基础研究 政策支持 经费投入 科研人员 经费执行结构 经费评价体系 

分 类 号：G325.65[文化科学]