“由技术而文明”到“由文明而技术”——从长时间段看新中国现代化径路及其文明的特质  

From"Technology Leading Civilization"to"Civilization Leading Technology"——New China's Modernization Path and Civilizational Qualities from a Historical Perspective

作　　者：胡天娇 Hu Tianjiao

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)马克思主义学院

出　　处：《社会主义研究》2025年第1期70-78,共9页Socialism Studies

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“习近平总书记关于尊重和保障人权重要论述研究”(23AKS002)。

摘　　要：随着现代化的浪潮,西方工业国陆续踏上全球殖民的道路,并确立了以技术实力为基础的文明等级论。在“由技术而文明”前者决定后者的话语中,作为东方农业文明古国的中国被西方视为劣等的文明。中国共产党人所领导的革命建设,是近代以来救亡图存运动的延续,因此其问题意识必然含括如何应对、化解外部现代化世界的挑战,在这一过程中,新中国通过建构完整产业链夯实国家主权,立国于世界之林;积极推进建设获取进步的现代化成果,在工业时代争取国际话语权。但是另一方面,中国共产党的实践接承了马克思主义的价值取向与复兴中国文明的历史使命,在深化对现代化追求中又逐渐溢出了传统现代化的框架,翻转单纯以技术实力决定文明次第的霸权逻辑,塑造“依靠人民-为了人民”的技术发展观,推动了“由技术而文明”转向“由文明而技术”的中国式现代化道路的历史发展。With the wave of modernization,the Western industrial countries gradually embarked on the road of global colonizationand established a civilization hierarchy based on technological prowess.In this civilizational hierarchy,China,as an ancient agricultural country,was regarded as an inferior civilization by the West.The revolution and construction led by the Chinese Communists is a continuation of the national salvation and survival movement in modern times.Therefore,its sense of problem inevitably included how to cope with and resolve the challenges of the external modern world.In this process,the new China consolidated its national sovereignty by constructing a complete industrial chain,and accumulated advanced modernization achievements in order to strive for international discourse power in the industrial era.In the meantime,the practice ofthe Communist Party of China has inherited the values of Marxism and the historical mission of reviving Chinese civilization.In the pursuit of modernization,the new China has gradually overflowed the traditional framework of modernization,andreverses the hegemonic logic that determines the level of civilization solely by technological strength,shapes the technological development concept of"relying on the people and for the people",and pushed forward the shift from"technology leading civilization"to"civilization leading technology".These efforts have contributed to the historical development of the Chinese-style modernization path.

关 键 词：人类文明新形态 中国式现代化 社会主义建设 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]