某矿山不同开采方案下的地表变形时空演化研究  

Study on the Spatial-temporal Evolution of Surface Deformationunder Different Mining Schemes of a Mine

作　　者：翟建波[1,2] 张少杰[2] 洪伟[2] ZHAI Jianbo;ZHANG Shaojie;HONG Wei(China ENFI Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学自动化学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2025年第1期65-70,共6页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：为研究某矿山地下开采过程对地表文物的影响,结合矿山的工程地质条件,提出考虑不同开采范围、开采顺序和矿柱留设情况的三种开采方案,利用Flac^(3D)数值模拟软件建立了矿山回采过程的三维数值模型,分析了不同开采方案下的地表倾斜、曲率和水平变形,揭示了不同开采方案下地表变形的时空演化特征,确定了矿山的最优开采方案。研究表明:与开采方案一和开采方案二相比,开采方案三能有效地减小地下开采引起的地表变形;开采方案三在矿体全部开采结束后,地表的变形值均小于《有色金属采矿设计规范》中建、构筑物保护等级为Ⅰ级时的允许值。该研究结果可为矿山安全高效生产提供技术指导和决策依据,对地表文物的保护具有重要意义。In order to study the impact of underground mining process on surface artifacts of a mine,combined with the engineering geological conditions of the mine,three mining schemes were proposed considering different mining ranges,mining sequences and pillar retention,and a three-dimensional numerical model of the mine back-mining process has been established by using Flac 3D numerical simulation software,which analyzed the surface tilt,curvature and horizontal deformation of the mine under the different mining schemes,revealed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of surface deformation of the mine under the different mining schemes,and determines the optimal mining scheme for the mine.The study shows that:compared with mining scheme 1 and 2,mining scheme 3 can effectively reduce the surface deformation caused by underground mining;mining scheme 3,after all the ore bodies are mined,the deformation value of the surface is less than the permissible value of“Code for Design of Nonferrous Metal Mining”,when the protection level of the buildings and structures is class I.The results of this study can be used for the safety of mines and for the development of the mining industry.The results of this study can provide technical guidance and decision-making basis for the safe and efficient production of mines,and are of great significance for the protection of surface cultural relics.

关 键 词：地下开采 数值模拟 文物保护 地表变形 

分 类 号：TD862.1[矿业工程—金属矿开采]