内河航道桥通航安全风险评估及抗撞性能研究  

Research on Risk Assessment and Anti-collision Performance of Navigation Safety of Inland Waterway Bridges

作　　者：褚志锋 苗建宝 雷浪 Chu Zhifeng;Miao Jianbao;Lei Lang(Shaanxi Communications Holding Group Co.,Ltd.Operation Management Branch,Xi’an 710065,China;Xi’an Highway Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西交通控股集团有限公司运营管理分公司,西安710065 [2]西安公路研究院有限公司,西安710065

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2025年第4期52-55,共4页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：以一座内河航道桥为依托工程,采用实地调研结合国家相关标准规范方法获取了桥梁、航道及通航船舶及桥区水域尺度等基本技术参数,采用平面二维水流数值模拟,计算分析该航道桥所处流场在高水位工况下的水流流态和航道内横流及紊流情况,明确了桥位处流速变化对航道冲淤变化的影响,采用强迫振动法结合有限元数值模拟对工程桥梁抗撞性能进行研究,分析了横桥向、顺桥向碰撞桥墩承载力,并对承载能力极限状态下的桥梁墩柱截面进行弹塑性分析。结果表明,桥位处流速变化不大,对航道淤积影响较小,在横桥向、纵桥向船撞荷载下,桥墩最不利位置均位于船撞侧立柱根部,在立柱顶、底面均形成塑性铰,区别在于在横桥向船撞荷载作用下,立柱顶、底面塑性铰区抗剪承载力不足,而在纵桥向船撞荷载作用下,立柱顶、底面塑性铰区抗剪承载力满足规范要求。Based on an inland waterway bridge,basic technical parameters,such as bridge,waterway,navigation vessels and bridge area water scale are obtained through field research combined with relevant national standards and specifications.Based on technical parameters,a two-dimensional numerical simulation of water flow is used to calculate and analyze the flow pattern of the flow field in the channel bridge under high water level conditions,as well as the transverse and turbulent flow conditions in the channel.The impact of changes in flow velocity at the bridge location on the changes in channel erosion and sedimentation is also clarified.The forced vibration method combined with finite element numerical simulation is used to study the collision resistance performance of the supporting engineering bridge.The bearing capacity of the bridge piers in the transverse and longitudinal collision directions is analyzed,and the elastic-plastic analysis of the bridge pier column section under the ultimate bearing capacity state is carried out.The results show that the flow velocity at the bridge location does not change much,and the impact on channel siltation is relatively small.Under the transverse and longitudinal ship collision loads,the most unfavorable position of the bridge pier is located at the root of the column on the side of the ship collision,and plastic hinges are formed at the roof and bottom of the column.The difference lies in that under the transverse ship collision load,the shear bearing capacity of the plastic hinge area at the roof and bottom of the column is insufficient,while under the longitudinal ship collision load,the shear bearing capacity of the plastic hinge area at the roof and bottom of the column meets the specification requirements.

关 键 词：航道桥梁 实地调研 数值模拟 风险评估 抗撞性能 

分 类 号：U698[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] U445.7[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]