基于三维激光扫描技术的大跨度钢结构桥梁变形检测方法研究  

Research on Deformation Detection Method of Long-span Steel Bridge Based on 3D Laser Scanning Technology

作　　者：夏菁 Xia Jing(JSTI,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]苏交科集团股份有限公司,南京210019

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2025年第4期124-127,共4页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：桥梁变形检测作为大跨度钢结构桥梁稳定性分析的重要手段之一,其检测结果可为桥梁维护提供重要依据。但现行检测方法误差较大,故提出基于三维激光扫描技术的大跨度钢结构桥梁变形检测方法,利用三维激光扫描仪对桥梁进行测量,获取桥梁三维点云数据,通过平面标靶自动拼接点云,采用高斯滤波法对点云降噪处理,通过三角网格构建大跨度钢结构桥梁三维模型,依据标靶与桥梁距离变化检测桥梁变形,实现基于三维激光扫描技术的大跨度钢结构桥梁变形检测。实验证明,设计方法检测值贴近实际值,检测误差不超过1%,可实现对桥梁变形的精准检测。As one of the important means to analyze the stability of long-span steel bridges,bridge deformation detection can provide an important basis for bridge maintenance.But the current detection method has a large error.Therefore,the study proposes a deformation detection method of long-span steel structure bridge based on 3D laser scanning technology,and measures the bridge and obtains the 3D point cloud data of the bridge with 3D laser scanner,automatically splices the point cloud by plane target,and denoises the point cloud by Gaussian filter method,and realizes the deformation detection of long-span steel structure bridge based on 3D laser scanning technology according to the distance change between the target and the bridge.The experiment results show that the test value of the design method is close to the actual value,and the detection error is less than 1%,which can realize the accurate detection of bridge deformation.

关 键 词：三维激光扫描技术 大跨度 钢结构桥梁 变形 高斯滤波法 三角网格 

分 类 号：U446.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]