人工心脏评价及设计方法2024年度研究进展  

Research Progress on Evaluation and Design Methods for Ventricular Assist Devices in 2024

作　　者：张枫宁 王卓航 何彦霖 吴鹏 ZHANG Fengning;WANG Zhuohang;HE Yanlin;WU Peng(Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments,School of Mechanical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;School of Future Technology,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学机械工程学院,江苏省微纳生物医疗器械设计与制造重点实验室,南京211189 [2]东南大学未来技术学院,南京211189

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12472330,12072216);江苏省重点国别产业技术研发合作项目(BZ2024016);国家自然科学基金中德合作与交流项目(M-0231);东南大学未来技术太湖创新基金资助项目,东南大学本科生科研训练项目(202502045),东南大学新进教师科研启动经费(RF1028624095);南京市留学人员科技创新项目择优资助项目。

摘　　要：人工心脏经过几十年的发展,已逐步发展为当前的磁悬浮血泵,实现了产品植入胸腔以及大规模临床应用的革命性进步,成为治疗心衰这一世界重大卫生公共问题的有效手段。尽管如此,高达89%的患者5年内因胃肠道出血、中风、感染、血泵功能异常等问题再次入院。因此,需要继续研究多种血液成分的血液损伤机制;持续发展并综合运用数值模拟、体外台架测试、动物实验等手段,更全面地评价血泵性能;要继续对人工心脏进行创新设计来改善血液相容性、满足不同患者群体的需要和提升患者生活质量。本文回顾了2024年国内外血泵评价和设计方法的研究进展,包括血液损伤机制的研究进展;利用数值模拟、体外台架测试和动物实验评价血泵性能的研究进展;血泵优化设计、新概念血泵和生物涂层的研究进展,以期助力人工心脏的研发,进一步提高其临床治疗效益。After decades of development,ventricular assist devices(VADs)have evolved into the current generation of magnetically levitated blood pumps,achieving revolutionary progress in terms of implantation into the chest and large-scale clinical application.VADs have become an effective means of treating heart failure,which is a major global public health challenge.Despite these achievements,up to 89%of patients are readmitted within five years due to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding,stroke,infection,and blood pump malfunction.Therefore,it is necessary to further study the mechanisms of blood damage of various blood components;to further develop and comprehensively utilize numerical simulations,in vitro bench testing,animal experiments,and other methods to more comprehensively evaluate blood pump performance.Innovative designs of VADs are also needed to improve blood compatibility,meet the needs of different patient groups,and improve patients’quality of life.In this review,the research progress on evaluation and design methods of VADs in 2024 both domestically and internationally is summarized,including advances in the study of blood damage mechanisms;the use of numerical simulations,in vitro bench testing,and animal experiments to evaluate blood pump performance;the progress in design and optimization of blood pump,new concept blood pump,and bio-coatings.The aim is to support the development of VADs and further improve their clinical therapeutic benefits.

关 键 词：人工心脏 优化设计 血流动力学 血液相容性 体外实验 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]