冲击载荷下切牙种植体应力分析及结构参数优化  

Stress Analysis and Optimization of Structural Parameters for Incisal Dental Implants under Impact Loads

作　　者：李天煦 俞经虎 朱房勇 杨郁敏 丁祺文 钱善华 LI Tianxu;YU Jinghu;ZHU Fangyong;YANG Yumin;DING Qiwen;QIAN Shanhua(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Equipment Technology for Food,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Department of Dentistry,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214000,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学机械工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [2]江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室,江苏无锡214122 [3]江南大学附属医院口腔科,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第1期216-222,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375209);江苏省先进食品制造装备与技术重点实验室资助项目(FMZ201901)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨种植体长度、直径和基台角度对上颌中切牙周围骨质应力分布的影响,确定最优参数组合。方法 基于CBCT数据,重建口腔上颌三维模型;使用正交表建立有关于长度、直径以及基台角度共16个种植牙三维模型,并与上颌模型和刚体模型组装;利用ANSYS瞬态动力学模块进行有限元分析;最后,对所得应力数据进行正交实验与单因素方差分析。结果 种植体直径对皮质骨最大von Mises应力具有显著性影响(P=0.010),种植体长度(P=0.229)与基台角度(P=0.844)对皮质骨最大von Mises应力无显著性影响,最优参数组合为种植体直径5.0 mm、种植体长度12 mm、基台角度0°。种植体长度(P=0.001)、直径(P=0.011)与基台角度(P=0.013)均对皮质骨最大von Mises应力具有显著性,最优参数组合为种植体长度14 mm、种植体直径5.0 mm、基台角度5°。结论 种植体直径对皮质骨和松质骨应力均有显著影响,临床上应优先选择较大直径以降低应力峰值。种植体长度次之,基台角度影响最小。Objective To investigate the effects of implant length,diameter,and abutment angle on bone stress distributions around maxillary central incisors,and determine the optimal parameter combination.Methods A three-dimensional(3D)model of the maxilla was reconstructed based on CBCT data.Using an orthogonal table,a total of 16 dental implant 3D models were established,varying in length,diameter,and abutment angle.These models were assembled with the maxillary and rigid-body models.Finite element analysis was performed using the transient dynamics module of ANSYS.Orthogonal experiments and one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)were conducted on the obtained stress data.Results The implant diameter showed a statistically significant effect on the maximum von Mises stress in cortical bone(P=0.010),while implant length(P=0.229)and abutment angle(P=0.844)did not demonstrate a statistical significance.The optimal parameter combination for cortical bone stress was 5.0 mm implant diameter,12 mm implant length,and 0°abutment angle.In cancellous bone,implant length(P=0.001),diameter(P=0.011),and abutment angle(P=0.013)all had statistically significant effects on the maximum von Mises stress.The optimal parameter combination for cancellous bone stress was 14 mm implant length,5.0 mm implant diameter,and 5°abutment angle.Conclusions Implant diameter significantly affects the stress of both cortical and cancellous bone.Clinically,a larger diameter should be preferred to reduce the stress peak.Implant length is the next most important factor,while abutment angle has the least effect.

关 键 词：冲击载荷 上颌中切牙 种植体 基台角度 正交试验 有限元分析 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]