雾化吸入联合口腔管理预防ICU患者呼吸机相关肺炎的临床效果  

Clinical effect of atomization inhalation combined with oral management on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU patients

作　　者：蒋燕[1] 金丽萍 季云 潘旭梅 JIANG Yan;JIN Liping;JI Yun(Department of Intensive Care Unit,Yixing People's Hospital,Jiangsu,Wuxi 214200,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省宜兴市人民医院重症医学科,214200

出　　处：《河北医药》2025年第2期283-286,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

基　　金：江苏省宜兴市科技项目(编号:2021SF18)。

摘　　要：目的探讨雾化吸入联合口腔管理预防ICU患者呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)的临床效果。方法选取2019年5月至2022年2月宜兴市人民医院ICU内接受机械通气治疗的120例重症患者为研究对象,根据数字随机法分为研究组和对照组,每组60例。对照组采用常规干预,研究组在此基础上采用雾化吸入联合口腔管理。比较2组患者的VAP发生率、气管切开率、机械通气时间、住ICU时间、住院时间、口腔异味评分、生活质量及护理满意度评分。结果研究组VAP发生率、气管切开率及机械通气时间分别为8.33%、21.67%和(8.42±3.95)d,对照组VAP发生率、气管切开率及机械通气时间分别为23.33%、43.33%和(12.73±4.54)d,研究组患者VAP发生率、气管切开率及机械通气时间低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前,研究组的口腔异味评分为(3.87±1.37)分,对照组的口腔异味评分为(3.80±1.36)分;干预后,研究组口腔异味评分为(1.92±1.09)分,对照组口腔异味评分为(2.65±1.23)分,2组口腔异味评分均低于干预前,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组住ICU时间、住院时间分别为(10.22±1.86)d和(15.63±2.43)d;对照组住ICU时间、住院时间分别为(14.05±3.37)d和(18.87±2.36)d,研究组住ICU时间、住院时间低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组护理满意度评分为(71.87±10.18)分,对照组护理满意度评分为(64.57±9.30)分,研究组护理满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,2组生活质量评分高于干预前,其中研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对ICU中接受机械呼吸治疗患者实施雾化吸入联合口腔管理,可有效降低其VAP发生率及气管切开率,缩短其呼吸机使用时间及整体治疗时间,有利于提高患者的生活质量和对护理的满意度。Objective To explore the clinical effect of atomization inhalation combined with oral management in preventing ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP)in intensive care unit(ICU)patients.Methods A total of 120 critically ill patients who received mechanical ventilation in ICU of Yixing People's Hospital from May 2019 to February 2022 were randomly divided into study group(n=60)and control group(n=60).Patients in the control group received routine intervention,while those in the study group received nebulization inhalation combined with oral management.The incidence of VAP,tracheotomy rate,mechanical ventilation time,ICU stay,hospital stay,oral odor score,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction score were compared between groups.Results The incidence of VAP(8.33%vs 23.33%),tracheostomy rate(21.67%vs 43.33%),and mechanical ventilation time(8.42±3.95 d vs 12.73±4.54 d)were significantly shorter in the study group than those of the control group(P<0.05).Before intervention,the oral odor score was 3.87±1.37 points in the study group and 3.80±1.36 points in the control group.After the intervention,the oral odor score was 1.92±1.09 points in the study group,and 2.65±1.23 points in the control group.The oral odor scores of both groups were significantly lower than before the intervention,especially in the study group(P<0.05).ICU stay(10.22±1.86 d vs 14.05±3.37 d)and hospital stay(15.63±2.43 d vs 18.87±2.36 d)were significantly shorter in the study group than those of the control group(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(71.87±10.18 points vs 64.57±9.30 points,P<0.05).After intervention,the quality of life scores of the two groups were significantly higher than before intervention,with the research group being higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Atomization inhalation combined with oral management for patients receiving mechanical respiration in the ICU can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP and tracheotomy,shorten the

关 键 词：ICU 呼吸肌相关肺炎 雾化吸入 口腔干预 机械通气 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]