乌鲁木齐市秋、冬、春季某医院社区获得性肺炎患儿病原谱特征分析  

Characteristics of pathogen spectrum in children with community-acquired pneumonia in autumn,winter,and spring of a hospital in Urumqi

作　　者：梁梦洁[1] 李永鑫 蔺豪杰 张新[1] 邓朝晖[1] LIANG Mengjie;LI Yongxin;LIN Haojie;ZHANG Xin;DENG Zhaohui(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital/the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Shihezi University,Urumqi,xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团医院/石河子大学医学院第二附属医院检验科,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2025年第5期657-661,667,共6页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目[兵财社(2023)16号];兵团检验医学临床医学研究中心建设项目[兵科发(2023)12号];兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2022AB030);新疆生产建设兵团医院科技计划项目(2022014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨乌鲁木齐市秋、冬、春季某医院住院社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患儿呼吸道感染病原谱特征。方法采集2023年10月至2024年4月在该院住院的1446例CAP患儿的鼻咽拭子标本,采用聚合酶链反应荧光探针法对常见的6种呼吸道病原体核酸进行检测,结合相关临床资料,分析呼吸道病原谱特征。结果1446例CAP患儿呼吸道病原体总检出率为65.01%,其中肺炎支原体(MP)检出率最高(32.23%);混合感染率为6.43%,以双重病原体感染最常见。病原体检出率呈现2个高峰:冬季(11月底)为82.35%,春季(2月中旬)为84.48%;CAP患儿病原谱中不同病原体存在错峰感染现象,其中MP检出率出现2个高峰(春季的2月底和4月中旬)。CAP患儿年龄主要集中在>6~12岁。结论乌鲁木齐市秋、冬、春季CAP患儿病原谱存在各病原体错峰感染现象,以MP感染为主,冬、春季为高发时段,>6~12岁患儿为高发群体,需密切关注。Objective To investigate the characteristics of pathogen spectrum of hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)in autumn,winter and spring in Urumqi.Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 1446 children with CAP who were hospitalized in the hospital from October 2023 to April 2024.Polymerase chain reaction fluorescent probe method was used to detect the nucleic acid of six common respiratory pathogens,and the characteristics of respiratory pathogen spectrum were analyzed combined with relevant clinical data.Results The total detection rate of respiratory pathogens in 1446 children with CAP was 65.01%,among which Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)had the highest detection rate(32.23%).Mixed infection rate was 6.43%,and double pathogen infection was the most common.The detection rate of pathogens showed two peaks:winter(the end of November)was 82.35%and spring(the middle of February)was 84.48%.In the pathogenic spectrum of children with CAP,there were staggered peaks of infection with different pathogens.Among them,the detection rate of MP showed two peaks(the end of February and the middle of April in spring).Children with CAP were mainly aged>6-12 years.Conclusion There is a phenomenon of cross-peak infection of pathogens in the pathogen spectrum of CAP children in autumn,winter and spring in Urumqi,with MP infection as the main pathogen.The peak infection is in winter and spring,and children aged>6-12 years are the high-risk group,which needs to be closely monitored.

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道感染性疾病 社区获得性肺炎 肺炎支原体 病原谱 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R446.5[医药卫生—内科学]