miRNA与病理性心肌细胞肥大的机制研究进展  

Advances in the mechanism of miRNA and pathological cardiac hypertrophy

作　　者：苟旖(综述) 唐刚(审校) GOU Yi;TANG Gang(Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Nanchuan District People′s Hospital,Chongqing 408400,China;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Shapingba People′s Hospital,Chongqing 400000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市南川区人民医院心血管内科,重庆408400 [2]重庆市沙坪坝区人民医院心血管内科,重庆400000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2025年第5期713-716,720,共5页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0307)。

摘　　要：心肌异常增生的病理现象在心血管系统中占据核心地位,微小RNA(miRNA)作为基因表达的调控枢纽,在心肌细胞肥大的形成和进展方面发挥决定性作用。该文从miRNA的分子特征和功能出发,详细阐述了miRNA的生理功能,并重点介绍了参与调控病理性心肌细胞肥大的miRNA及其作用机制,包括竞争性内源RNA机制、蛋白质相互作用机制、组蛋白修饰机制等。通过总结现有研究进展,揭示了miRNA在心肌细胞肥大过程中的重要作用及其调控网络。尽管目前的研究在miRNA对心肌细胞肥大调控机制的理解方面取得了一定进展,但仍然存在诸多不足之处。具体而言,miRNA在心肌细胞肥大过程中的确切作用机制尚未得到彻底阐明。未来的研究应当着重深入探讨miRNA在心肌肥厚形成中的作用原理,以期揭示新的治疗靶点。该研究的目的是为了构建预防和治疗心脏及血管疾病的理论基础,并为临床实践提供精准指导。此外,研究的焦点也应扩展至miRNA与其他调控因子之间的相互作用,以全面解析心肌细胞肥大的复杂调控网络。通过这种综合性的研究策略,可以更深入地理解心肌细胞肥大的分子机制,进而为心脏疾病的干预提供科学依据。The pathological phenomenon of myocardial dysplasia occupies a central position in the cardiovascular system.As a hub of gene expression regulation,microRNA(miRNA)plays a decisive role in the formation and progression of myocardial hypertrophy.Based on the molecular characteristics and functions of miRNA,this article elaborates on the physiological functions of miRNA,and focuses on the mirnas involved in the regulation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and their mechanisms,including the competitive endogenous RNA mechanism,protein interaction mechanism and histone modification mechanism.By summarizing the existing research progress,the important role of miRNA in the process of cardiac hypertrophy and its regulatory network are revealed.Although some progress has been made in the understanding of the regulatory mechanism of miRNA on myocardial hypertrophy,there are still many deficiencies.Specifically,the exact mechanism of miRNA action in the process of cardiac hypertrophy has not been thoroughly elucidated.Future studies should focus on exploring the mechanism of miRNA in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in order to reveal new therapeutic targets.The purpose of this study is to establish a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiac and vascular diseases,and to provide precise guidance for clinical practice.In addition,the focus of research should also be extended to the interactions between mirnas and other regulatory factors to fully unravel the complex regulatory network of cardiac hypertrophy.Through this comprehensive research strategy,the molecular mechanism of myocardial hypertrophy can be more deeply understood,and then the scientific basis for the intervention of heart diseases can be provided.

关 键 词：微小RNA 转录调控机制 病理性心肌细胞肥大 心肌异常增生 分子特征 

分 类 号：R542.2[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R446.1[医药卫生—内科学]