大学生择业经历与择业焦虑:客观就业压力和自我概念清晰性的影响  

Relationship of college students'career experience and career anxiety:The influence of objective employment pressure and self concept clarity

作　　者：张玲燕 刘绮蓥 刘滢 ZHANG Lingyan;LIU Qiying;LIU Ying(Faculty of Education Science,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学教育科学学院,广州510665

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2025年第3期476-480,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：2022年广东省哲学社会科学“十四五”规划学科共建项目(编号:GD22XJY14);2022年广东省高等教育教学改革项目(编号:粤教高[2023]4号);2022年广东技术师范大学博士点建设单位科研能力提升项目(编号:22GPNUZDJS48)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨大学生择业经历与择业焦虑的关系及客观就业压力和自我概念清晰性在二者关系中的作用机制。方法:采用择业经历调查问卷、就业客观认知评估问卷、中国成年人一般自我概念量表和高校毕业生择业焦虑问卷对229名大四学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)毕业生择业经历困难程度对择业焦虑具有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.15,t=2.33,P<0.05);(2)客观就业压力评估在择业经历和择业焦虑之间起完全中介作用(β=0.33,t=5.18,P<0.001);(3)自我概念清晰性在客观就业压力评估与择业焦虑间起调节作用(β=-1.29,t=-2.02,P<0.05)。结论:毕业生择业经历越坎坷,择业焦虑越高;个体对客观就业压力的评估发挥完全中介作用;自我概念清晰性高的个体不容易受客观就业压力的影响而产生择业焦虑,自我概念清晰性低的个体则相反。Objective:To explore the relationship between college students'career experience and career anxiety,as well as the influences of objective employment pressure and self-concept clarity in the relationship between the two.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 229 senior college students using the Career Experience Survey Questionnaire,Objective Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire for Employment,Chinese Adult General Self Concept Scale,and College Graduates'Career Anxiety Questionnaire.Results:(1)The difficulty level of graduates'career experience had a significant positive predictive effect on their career anxiety(β=0.15,t=2.33,P<0.05);(2)Objective employment pressure assessment played a completely mediating role between career experience and career anxiety(β=0.33,t=5.18,P<0.001);(3)The clarity of self-concept played a moderating role between objective employment stress assessment and career anxiety(β=-1.29,t=-2.02,P<0.05).Conclusion:The more difficult the experience of choosing a career for graduates,the higher their career anxiety;Individual assessment of objective employment pressure plays a fully mediating role;Individuals with high self-concept clarity are less likely to experience career anxiety due to objective employment pressure,while individuals with low self-concept clarity are the opposite.

关 键 词：择业经历 客观就业压力 自我概念清晰性 择业焦虑 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]