信息无障碍权的理论证成及其保障路径  

Theoretical Reasoning and Strategies for Safeguarding the Right to Information Accessibility

作　　者：张晶晶 ZHANG Jingjing(School of Law,Beijing Institute of Technology)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学法学院

出　　处：《人权法学》2025年第1期136-152,163,164,共19页Journal of Human Rights Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“互联网平台的社会影响及其治理路径研究”(21&ZD195);国家社会科学基金重点项目“自动化行政算法决策的法律控制”(21AFX004)。

摘　　要：信息无障碍权是指公民享有无障碍地知悉、获取和利用信息的权利。它关系到每个人在数智化社会的生存和发展,其权利地位可以从合理性、合法性和现实性三个方面予以证成。然而,社会的认知偏见、义务主体分工模糊及现有制度的供给不足威胁着信息无障碍权的实现。因此,在观念层面,应以普遍模式作为认知视角进行观念纠偏,关注全体社会成员的信息无障碍需求;在主体层面,应将国家和互联网企业同时作为保障信息无障碍权实现的义务主体,提升国家和互联网企业的双重保障力度;在制度层面,应完善鼓励和奖惩机制、建立健全相关立法。The right to information accessibility empowers citizens to access,obtain,and utilize information without impediments.In an increasingly digitized and intelligent society,emphasizing this right holds both theoretical significance and practical necessity.This right is integral to realizing the fundamental rights to survival and development,thereby contributing to the enhancement of overall social welfare.The standing of the right to information accessibility can be substantiated through three dimensions:rationality,legality,and feasibility.The interests of citizens in accessing both personal and public information constitute the rational foundation for this right.Existing statutes,regulations,normative frameworks,and constitutional principles,including equality and the protection of human rights provide legal backing.Moreover,China's distinct market for information accessibility services and its commitment to a people-centered human rights philosophy lay the groundwork for practically implementing this right.However,realizing the right to information accessibility faces threats from prevalent societal biases,ambiguous responsibility allocations among obligated parties,and inadequate institutional provisions.In terms of cognitive frameworks,the medical,social,and human rights models fail to fully acknowledge the essential nature of this right for all citizens in the digital age,offering insufficient regard for realizing individual autonomy.Regarding responsibility allocations,there is a lack of clarity concerning the duties of government entities as well as ambiguity in the obligations placed on internet companies.Additionally,an absence of explicit incentive structures hinders institutional supply,and there is a lack of unified yet adaptable implementation standards,as well as a comprehensive legal framework.To effectively tackle these challenges,a multi-faceted approach is essential.Conceptually,adopting a universal model can correct biases and address the information accessibility needs of all societal members.R

关 键 词：信息无障碍权 新兴权利 人权 普遍模式 平台义务 

分 类 号：D815.7[政治法律—国际关系]