磨粒浓度对压裂泵柱塞密封副摩擦特性影响研究  

The Effect of Abrasive Concentration on the Friction Characteristics of Fracturing Pump Plunger Seal Pair

作　　者：胡刚[1,2,3] 罗鸿辉 王国荣 马建波[1] 左润东 甘豪 HU Gang;LUO Honghui;WANG Guorong;MA Jianbo;ZUO Rundong;GAN Hao(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Sichuan Chengdu 610500,China;Energy Equipment Institute,Southwest Petroleum University,Sichuan Chengdu 610500,China;Oil and Gas Equipment Technology Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]西南石油大学能源装备研究院,四川成都610500 [3]石油天然气装备技术四川省科技资源共享服务平台,四川成都610500

出　　处：《摩擦学学报(中英文)》2024年第12期1639-1649,共11页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52004240);四川省科技厅自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(2023NSFSC1980)资助。

摘　　要：当压裂泵发生压裂液泄漏,硬质石英砂颗粒进入柱塞摩擦副,影响其摩擦学性能.为研究颗粒浓度对柱塞橡胶摩擦学特性的影响,采用氢化丁腈橡胶与40CrNiMoA合金钢作为研究对象,制备含有固体颗粒的压裂液,通过模拟柱塞工作环境和运动形式,改变颗粒浓度,采用销-块试样进行往复摩擦试验.摩擦试验后,将橡胶件洗净晾干,使用三维白光干涉形貌仪和扫描电子显微镜分析材料的磨痕表面形貌和化学成分.试验结果表明,随着颗粒浓度增大,氢化丁腈橡胶表面磨损越严重,不同浓度下的橡胶表面形貌存在很大的不同.含有颗粒的压裂液会提高摩擦副的摩擦系数,并随着颗粒浓度增加,摩擦系数呈增长趋势,增长率先增大后减小;纯润滑介质时,橡胶表面磨损形貌为微凹坑,磨损机制为疲劳磨损;随着颗粒的介入,橡胶表面磨损形貌为沟槽和凹坑,磨损机制变为磨粒磨损;往复摩擦瞬时速度不恒定,导致润滑状态不稳定且颗粒汇聚堆积;颗粒浓度增大时,颗粒汇聚堆积增多,橡胶表面磨损加剧,弹性变形增加会导致更多的能量损耗.In the oil and gas extraction process,the fracturing pump plays a pivotal role.Its primary function is to inject fracturing fluid into the well,facilitating the fracturing of oil and gas reservoirs.However,in actual operation,fracturing pump may leak fracturing fluid,which will cause hard quartz sand particles to enter the plunger friction pair,thus affecting its tribological performance.In order to study the influence of particle concentration on the tribological properties of plunger rubber,we chose hydrogenated nitrile rubber and 40CrNiMoA alloy steel as the research objects.Firstly,we prepared fracturing fluid containing solid particles,then changed the particle concentration by simulating the working environment and motion form of the plunger,and conducted reciprocating friction experiments with pin-on-disk specimens.Following the friction test,the rubber components were cleansed and dried,and then used a threedimensional white light interferometer and a scanning electron microscope to analyze the surface morphology and chemical composition of the wear marks.The experimental results showed that with the increase of particle concentration,the surface wear of hydrogenated nitrile rubber became more and more serious,and there were great differences in the surface morphology of rubber under different concentrations.The fracturing fluid containing particles would increase the friction coefficient of the friction pair,and with the increase of particle concentration,the friction coefficient showed an increasing trend,and the growth rate increased first and then decreased.In scenarios with high particle concentration,the hindrance effect of particle accumulation induced fluctuations in the instantaneous friction coefficient.Moreover,as particle concentration increased,the frequency of these fluctuations intensified.When there were no particles in the lubricating medium,the surface morphology of rubber was mainly micro-pits caused by contact fatigue,and the wear mechanism was fatigue wear;when the particle concentrat

关 键 词：氢化丁腈橡胶 硬质颗粒 磨粒磨损 能量耗散 柱塞密封副 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]