典型干旱区地下水动态对农业灌溉响应的模拟研究  

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Dynamic Response to Agricultural Irrigation in a Typical Arid Area

作　　者：王北大 宋健 尹子悦 林锦[3] 吴剑锋[1] WANG Beida;SONG Jian;YIN Ziyue;LIN Jin;WU Jianfeng(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210023 [2]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,南京211100 [3]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2025年第1期92-103,共12页Geological Journal of China Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42272277)资助。

摘　　要：研究干旱和半干旱区不同作物生长条件下农业灌溉对地下水动态的影响,对区域地下水合理开发利用具有重要现实意义。文章基于GMS软件中的MODFLOW-NWT程序及非饱和带模拟子程序包UZF1,建立了邻近焉耆盆地开都河北岸的数值模型,结合逐日地下水水位数据进行校验和水均衡分析。该研究采用作物系数法计算5种典型农作物(辣椒、番茄、小麦、甜菜、玉米)需水量,开展盆地不同种植情景下地下水埋深动态变化与农业灌溉关系的过程模拟。结果表明,种植高耗水量的甜菜对应的平均地下水埋深最大,种植小麦时对应的平均地下水埋深最小,而种植番茄、辣椒、玉米时对应的平均地下水埋深接近。种植甜菜时平均地下水埋深比小麦大0.85 m,当需水量增加100 mm,生育期内地下水埋深平均增大0.31 m,表明作物需水量是影响研究区地下水位波动的重要因素。研究结果可为干旱和半干旱区水资源可持续管理及农业种植策略制定提供科学依据。Researching the impact of agricultural irrigation on the groundwater dynamic under different crop growth conditions in arid and semi-arid area holds significant practical importance for the rational development and utilization of regional groundwater.Using the MODFLOW-NWT program and unsaturated zone simulation subroutine package UZF1 in GMS software,a numerical model was established for the northern bank of the Kaidu River in the Yanqi Basin.The model was calibrated using daily groundwater level data.Water balance analysis was also conducted.Water requirement for five typical crops(peppers,tomatoes,wheat,sugar beets,and corn)was computed using the crop coefficient method.The calibrated groundwater model was used to simulate the effects of agricultural irrigation on the groundwater depth dynamic under different planting scenarios.The results show that planting the high-water-consumption sugar beets corresponds to the greatest average groundwater depth,while planting wheat results in the smallest average groundwater depth.Average Groundwater depth are similar when planting tomatoes,peppers,and maize.During sugar beets cultivation,the average groundwater depth is 0.85 meters greater than during wheat cultivation.With a 100-millimeter-increase in water demand,the average groundwater depth increases by 0.31 meters during the growing season.It indicates that crop water requirement is a crucial factor affecting groundwater level fluctuation in study area.The finding can provide a scientific guidance for the sustainable management of water resources and the formulation of agricultural planting strategy of arid and semi-arid area.

关 键 词：地下水 数值模拟 焉耆盆地 农业灌溉 MODFLOW-NWT 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]