成熟期烟田土壤含水量对中上部烟叶质量的影响  

Soil Water Content Influences the Quality of Middle and Upper Tobacco Leaves in Tobacco Fields at the Mature Stage

作　　者：朱俊俊 张福建[2] 徐经年[1] 任四海[1] 郭飞 汪升友 唐经祥[1] ZHU Jun-jun;ZHANG Fu-jian;XU Jing-nian;REN Si-hai;GUO Fei;WANG Sheng-you;TANG Jing-xiang(Institute of Industrial Crops,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230001,PRC;China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230088,PRC)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽中烟工业有限责任公司,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第1期34-39,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2022340000340010)。

摘　　要：水分是影响烟草生长发育的重要因素,对烟叶的产量和品质有较大的影响。为明确皖南烟区成熟期烟田中上部叶生长适宜垄体含水量,以烤烟品种云烟87为试验材料,打顶后通过设置不同垄体含水量(45%±5%、60%±5%、70%±5%、80%±5%以及常规对照),研究其对成熟期中上部叶片叶绿素含量、叶片酶活性、烤后烟叶产量和品质的影响。结果表明:中部烟叶叶绿素a、叶绿素总量随垄体含水量的增加基本不断增大,各部位烟叶叶绿素b在各处理间无差异;含水量70%±5%条件下中部烟叶可溶性糖、淀粉含量、硝酸还原酶(NR)活性都处于较高水平,上部烟叶无明显一致趋势;含水量70%±5%时均价及上等烟比例得到明显提升,含水量60%±5%为烤后烟叶外观及感官评吸质量最优处理。综合结论得到,烤烟成熟期间60%~70%的土壤相对含水量能使中上部烟叶品质得到改善。Water is an important factor affecting the growth and development of tobacco,greatly influencing the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.This study aims to determine the suitable ridge water content(SRWC)for the growth of the middle and upper leaves in tobacco fields at the mature stage in southern Anhui tobacco area.The flue-cured tobacco variety'Yunyan 87'was planted.After topping,five treatments of SRWC were set,including 45%±5%,60%±5%,70%±5%,80%±5%,and conventional control.The effects of SRWC on the chlorophyll content,enzyme activity,yield,and quality of middle and upper tobacco leaves were studied.The results showed that the content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in middle tobacco leaves increased with the increase in SRWC,and that of chlorophyll b in tobacco leaves had no difference among treatments.In the treatment of SRWC=70%±5%,the content of soluble sugar and starch and the activity of nitrate reductase(NR)in the middle leaves were high,while those in upper leaves had no obvious consistent trend.In the treatment of SRWC=70%±5%,the average price and proportion of high-grade tobacco were significantly improved.SRWC=60%±5%was the optimal treatment for the appearance and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco.In conclusion,the quality of middle and upper tobacco leaves can be improved when SRWC is 60%-70%during the mature stage.

关 键 词：烟草 中上部叶 垄体含水量 烟叶质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]