基于人地系统视角耕地利用转型过程及其驱动因素分析——以黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市为例  

Transformation of cultivated land utilization and its driving factors based on human-earth system perspective: Taking Qiqihar city, Heilongjiang province, as an example

作　　者：孙心怡 王介勇[2] 朱西存[1] 董雨晴 林旭 SUN Xin-yi;WANG Jie-yong;ZHU Xi-cun;DONG Yu-qing;LIN Xu(College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,Shandong,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安271018 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2025年第2期350-366,共17页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171266);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA28130400)。

摘　　要：快速工业化城镇化发展促使黑土耕地利用方式和程度发生显著变化,深刻影响黑土地资源可持续利用状态。基于人地系统视角构建耕地利用转型分析框架,以齐齐哈尔市为案例区,采用突变级数模型定量分析1995—2020年耕地利用过程及其关键转折点,解析不同转型阶段的主要驱动因素。结果表明:(1)1995—2020年耕地利用系统状态评价值波动上升,集中在0.35~0.45之间,说明齐齐哈尔市耕地利用系统存在不同的利用状态阶段,处于转型变化过程中;(2)以2003年、2015年为转折点,研究区耕地利用方式经历了粗放式开发利用、高强度集约利用、保护可持续利用的转变过程,其功能实现了粮食从“自给自足”(1995—2002年)向“商粮外调”(2003—2014年)再向“绿色转型”(2015—2020年)升级,耕地利用经历了两次转型过程;(3)1995—2020年研究区耕地利用由第一阶段向第二阶段转型主要受要素投入和政策调控等关键因素驱动,第二阶段向第三阶段主要是市场需求、政策调控和科技进步等因素共同作用促使转型。建议继续加强黑土地保护利用力度,统筹黑土区要素资源配置,优化区域耕地利用结构,促进黑土耕地功能升级,夯实保障国家粮食安全和区域农业农村可持续发展基石。Rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to significant changes in the utilization of black soil cultivated land,which profoundly affects the sustainable utilization of black soil resources.Based on the human-land system perspective,this paper constructs an analytical framework for the transformation of cultivated land utilization,takes Qiqihar city as a case study area,and adopts the mutation level model to quantitatively analyze the process of cultivated land utilization and its key turning points from 1995 to 2020,and to examine the main driving factors of different transformation stages.The results show that:(1)The state evaluation value of cropland utilization system fluctuates and rises from 1995 to 2020,concentrating between 0.35 and 0.45,indicating that the cropland utilization system in Qiqihar has different stages of utilization state and is in the process of transformation and change.(2)With 2003 and 2015 as the turning points,the cropland utilization mode in the study area has experienced the rough development and utilization,high-intensity and intensive utilization,protection and sustainable utilization,and its function has realized the transformation of food from"self-sufficiency"(1995-2002)to"external transfer of commercial food(2003-2014)",and then to"green transformation(2015-2020)".The utilization of cultivated land has gone through two transformations.(3)The transformation of cultivated land utilization from the first to the second stage in the study area from 1995 to 2020 was mainly driven by key factors such as factor inputs and policy regulation,and the second to the third stage was mainly driven by market demand,policy regulation and technological progress.It is recommended to continue to strengthen the protection and utilization of black soil,coordinate the allocation of factors and resources in the black soil area,optimize the structure of regional cultivated land utilization,promote the upgrading of black soil cultivated land functions,and strengthen the cornerstone of guarantee

关 键 词：人地系统 耕地利用转型 突变级数模型 黑土区 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]