《德意志意识形态》中的“契诃夫之枪”——一个施蒂纳视角的考察  

The Chekhov's Gun in the German Ideology:A Study from Stirner's Perspective

作　　者：徐琛 覃辉银 Xu Chen;Qin Huiyin

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《理论月刊》2025年第2期37-48,159,共13页Theory Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“中国共产党全面从严治党的革命性淬炼”(21FDJB003)。

摘　　要：“圣麦克斯”章中对施蒂纳唯一者思想的批判,构成《德意志意识形态》中的“契诃夫之枪”。就存在前提而言,正是由于“圣麦克斯”章相较于其他章节迥异的行文风格,才吸引人注意并深入挖掘其中所蕴含的思想意义。在《德意志意识形态》之前马克思和恩格斯的两封信件中,就已经透露出足够的相关信息,显示出设置“圣麦克斯”章作为“契诃夫之枪”的必然性与合理性。通过《德意志意识形态》的“契诃夫之枪”,马克思一方面揭穿了包括施蒂纳在内的全部形而上学的根本缺陷,另一方面为唯物史观的建构提供了关键契机。The criticism of Stirner's egoism in the“Saint Max”chapter constitutes the Chekhov's Gun in the German Ideology.As far as the premise of existence is concerned,it is precisely because of the distinct writing style in the chapter compared to other chapters that people pay attention to and deeply explore its ideological significance.In the two letters of Marx and Engels before the German Ideology,sufficient relevant information had already been revealed,demonstrating the inevitability and rationality of setting up the“Saint Max”chapter as the Chekhov's Gun.Through the Chekhov's Gun in the German Ideology,Marx,on the one hand,exposed the fundamental flaws of all metaphysics,including that of Stirner,and on the other hand,provided a crucial opportunity for the construction of historical materialism.

关 键 词：《德意志意识形态》 “契诃夫之枪” 施蒂纳 “圣麦克斯”章 唯物史观 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]