腾冲红花油茶4种活性物质含量及变异分析  

Content and Variation of Four Active Substances in Camellia reticulata Lindl

作　　者：尹必期 张仁斌 余祖华 李看清 李丽华 刘加理 谢胤 寸明辉 徐志映 YIN Biqi;ZHANG Renbin;YU Zuhua;LI Kanqing;LI Lihua;LIU Jiali;XIE Yin;CUN Minghui;XU Zhiying(Tengchong Forestry and Grassland Technology Extension Station,Tengchong,Yunnan 679100,China;Tengchong State-owned Shaba Forest Farm,Tengchong,Yunnan 679100,China)

机构地区：[1]腾冲市林业和草原技术推广站,云南腾冲679100 [2]腾冲市沙坝国有林场,云南腾冲679100

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2025年第1期109-114,共6页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项课题(2019FY100801).

摘　　要：对腾冲红花油茶7个种群的维生素E、谷甾醇、角鲨烯和总酚含量及其变异进行分析。结果表明,腾冲红花油茶油含有的维生素E种类为α-Ve,平均含量为(26.71±7.060)mg/100 g;甾醇为β-谷甾醇,平均含量为(287.663±40.430)mg/kg;角鲨烯和总酚平均含量分别为(137.95±72.55)mg/kg和(14.36±2.532)g/kg。四者含量在不同单株间存在一定变异,其中角鲨烯变异幅度最大,变异系数达52.59%,最大与最小单株之间相差17.7倍;维生素E的变异幅度次之,变异系数为26.43%,最大与最小单株之间相差3倍;总酚变异幅度较小,变异系数为17.64%,最大与最小单株之间相差2.5倍;β-谷甾醇变异幅度最小,最大与最小单株之间相差2倍。不同种群间总酚含量差异达极显著水平(P<0.01),β-谷甾醇含量差异达显著水平(P<0.05),维生素E和角鲨烯含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。维生素E含量与β-谷甾醇和总酚含量存在极显著正相关,角鲨烯含量与其余3种活性物质含量之间、谷甾醇含量与总酚含量之间无相关性。腾冲红花油茶含有丰富维生素E、谷甾醇、角鲨烯和酚类物质,是一种优质的木本食用油。可以利用单株遗传差异选育出活性物质含量高的特异单株,培育出高价值的优良品种。The analysis was conducted on the content and variation of vitamin E,sitosterol,squalene,and total phenolics in seven populations of Camellia reticulata Lindl.The results showed that the form of vitamin E in Camellia reticulata Lindll wasα-Ve,with an average content of(26.71±7.060)mg/100 g;β-sitosterol was the predominant sterol,averaging at(287.663±40.430)mg/kg;squalene and total phenolics had average contents of(137.95±72.55)mg/kg and(14.36±2.532)g/kg,respectively.There was a certain variation in the content of the four among different individual plants,with squalene showing the greatest degree of variability,having a coefficient of variation of 52.59%and a maximal disparity of 17.7-fold between the highest and lowest individual.This was followed by vitamin E,with a variation coefficient of 26.43%and a threefold difference between the extremes;total phenolics exhibited lesser variability,with a coefficient of 17.64%and a 2.5-fold difference between the maximum and minimum;β-sitosterol had the least variability,with a twofold difference between the highest and lowest individual.Significant differences were observed among different populations in terms of total phenolics content(P<0.01)andβ-sitosterol content(P<0.05),while the differences in vitamin E and squalene content were not significant(P>0.05).There was a highly significant positive correlation between the content of vitamin E and bothβ-sitosterol and total phenolics,whereas no correlation was found between the content of squalene and the other three active substances,nor betweenβ-sitosterol and total phenolics.Camellia reticulata Lindll was rich in vitamin E,sitosterol,squalene,and polyphenols,making it a premium quality woody edible oil.Utilizing the genetic differences among individual plants,it is feasible to select specific individuals with high content of active substances,thereby cultivating high-value superior varieties.

关 键 词：腾冲红花油茶 活性物质 含量分析 变异分析 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] O647.2[农业科学—林学] Q319.1[理学—物理化学]