“去中心化”与“再中心化”:制度复杂性视角下的人民调解实践——以S市为例  

“Decentralization”and“Recentralization”:The Practice of People's Mediation in City S from the Perspective of Institutional Complexity

作　　者：戴康 陈鼎祥 Dai Kang;Chen Dingxiang(School of International Relations&Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai;Center for Governance Studies,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院 [2]北京师范大学政府治理研究中心 [3]上海市创新政策评估研究中心

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2025年第1期183-193,共11页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字化背景下党建引领韧性安全城市建设的优化机制研究”(项目编号:24CDJ052)。

摘　　要：制度变迁是分析政治演化的重要视角,对制度变迁的研究长期因循非静即动的单一论证模型,从而忽视了制度复杂性。文章以人民调解制度为例,分析制度复杂性何以形成、有何逻辑。案例研究显示,旨在推进制度创新的“去中心化”过程和意在促进制度重塑的“再中心化”过程,共同导致了人民调解制度的复杂性。通过深入剖析制度复杂性,文章识别出了三重逻辑机制:一是制度调适机制,指组织对制度程式进行的自发调整;二是制度叠合机制,指组织为了提升制度效能而融汇新规则与旧规则;三是制度冲突机制,指组织在促进制度变迁时采取的悖论行动。从本质上来说,以上三重逻辑共同导致人民调解制度处于变与不变的钟摆状态。The study of institutional change offers a crucial lens through which to analyze political evolution. However, traditional research on institutional change often adheres to either static or dynamic frameworks, neglecting the inherent complexities of institutions. Using the people's mediation institution as a case study, this research examines the formation of institutional complexity and its underlying logic. The findings reveal that the complexity of the people's mediation institution arises from two interconnected processes: decentralization, which fosters institutional innovation, and recentralization, which facilitates institutional restructuring.Through an in-depth analysis, the study identifies three key mechanisms that contribute to institutional complexity: 1.Institutional Adaptation-the spontaneous adjustments organizations make to align with institutional frameworks.2.Institutional Superposition-the integration of new and existing rules by organizations to enhance institutional effectiveness.3.Institutional Conflict-the contradictory actions organizations undertake to drive institutional change.Ultimately, the interplay of these three mechanisms results in a pendulum-like dynamic of change and stability in the people's mediation institution.

关 键 词：“去中心化” “再中心化” 人民调解制度 制度复杂性 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]