造血干细胞非亲缘供者生理与心理健康现状及影响因素  

Physical and mental health status of unrelated donors of hematopoietic stem cells and its influencing factors

作　　者：寇玉珠 田敏[1] 张灿玲[1] 刘丽英 李新 KOU Yuzhu;TIAN Min;ZHANG Canling;LIU Liying;LI Xin(The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University/Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital,Shandong 250014 China;Shandong Red Cross Medical Donation Service Center)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院),山东250014 [2]山东省红十字会医学捐献服务中心

出　　处：《护理研究》2025年第5期803-807,共5页Chinese Nursing Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨非亲缘供者捐献造血干细胞后的生理与心理健康现状及影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法,抽取2022年8月—2023年8月在山东省3所三级甲等医院造血干细胞非亲缘供者244人,使用自行编制的一般人口学资料调查表和健康调查简表(SF-36)进行调查,并采用逐步回归分析探讨造血干细胞非亲缘供者生理与心理健康的影响因素。结果:最终纳入238名造血干细胞非亲缘供者,其生理健康总分为(89.21±10.35)分,心理健康总分为(81.84±12.75)分。线性回归分析显示,宗教信仰、居住地与主动捐献是供者生理健康的影响因素,可解释总变异的68.0%;子女状况、婚姻状况、年龄、主动加入中华骨髓库、主动捐献是供者心理健康的影响因素,可解释总变异的40.6%。结论:造血干细胞非亲缘供者生理与心理健康水平有待提高,医护人员应给予年轻、居住在城市、有宗教信仰的人群更多关注,针对性地举办造血干细胞捐献的宣传教育活动等,提高非亲缘供者的生理与心理健康水平。Objective:To explore the current status of physical and mental health among unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors and its influencing factors.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method,244 unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors from three tertiary hospitals in Shandong province between August 2022 and August 2023 were surveyed using a self⁃designed general demographic questionnaire and the Short Form⁃36 Health Survey(SF⁃36).Stepwise regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing the physical and mental health of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors.Results:A total of 238 unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors were included,with a physical health score of(89.21±10.35)and a mental health score of(81.84±12.75).The results of linear regression showed that religious beliefs,place of residence,and voluntary donation were factors influencing the donors′physical health,accounting for 68.0%of the total variance.The factors influencing the donors′mental health included child status,marital status,age,voluntary registration in the China Marrow Donor Program,and voluntary donation,accounting for 40.6%of the total variance.Conclusion:The levels of physical and mental health among unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors need improvement.Healthcare professionals should pay more attention to younger individuals,those residing in urban areas,and those with religious beliefs,and targeted promotional and educational activities regarding hematopoietic stem cell donation should be organized to enhance the knowledge of unrelated donors about hematopoietic stem cell donation.

关 键 词：造血干细胞捐献 非亲缘供者 生理健康 心理健康 影响因素 调查研究 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]