颈深部感染患者临床特征及高危并发症的影响因素分析  

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of high-risk complications in patients with deep neck infections

作　　者：高文浩 赵蕊 李桂林[2] Gao Wenhao;Zhao Rui;Li Guilin(Department of Otolaryngology,Head,and Neck Surgery,Xi'an Daxing Hospital,Xi'an 710000,China;Department of Physiology,Basic Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]西安大兴医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,西安710000 [2]南昌大学基础医学院生理学教研室,南昌330006

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2025年第6期945-949,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81560219)。

摘　　要：目的分析颈深部感染患者临床特征及高危并发症的影响因素。方法本研究采用回顾性分析,选取2019年1月至2023年12月在西安大兴医院治疗的179例颈深部感染患者,其中男93例,女86例,年龄(55.04±12.74)岁。根据是否合并高危并发症分为高危组和非高危组,收集患者基本信息、临床表现、治疗方法及并发症。使用描述性统计分析临床特征,logistic回归分析并发症的危险因素,组间比较采用t、χ^(2)检验。结果179例患者中,发生高危并发症63例(35.20%)。高危组患者高热消退、脓腔闭合、疼痛缓解及住院时间均长于非高危组。高危组患者年龄较大,糖尿病发病率及合并咽喉炎症、颌面颈部淋巴结炎症、牙周/牙髓疾病的比例和糖皮质激素或抗生素的历史使用率、空腹血糖、白细胞计数及中性粒细胞百分比均高于非高危组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素分析结果表明,年龄增加、糖尿病、牙周或牙髓疾病、历史糖皮质激素或抗生素使用、高白细胞计数及高中性粒细胞百分比是导致高危并发症风险显著增加的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论颈深部感染患者中高危并发症的发生与年龄增加、糖尿病、牙周或牙髓疾病、历史糖皮质激素或抗生素使用、高白细胞计数及高中性粒细胞百分比有关。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and high-risk complications of patients with deep neck infections.Methods This was a retrospective study.One hundred and seventy-nine patients with deep neck infections treated at Xi'an Daxing Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected,including 93 males and 86 females who were(55.04±12.74)years old.They were divided into a high-risk group and a non-high-risk group according to whether they had high-risk complications.Their basic information,clinical manifestations,treatment methods,and treatment complications were collected.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze their clinical characteristics,and the logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for complications.The data were compared between the two groups by t andχ^(2) tests.Results Among the 179 patients,63(35.20%)had high-risk complications.The times for fever resolution,abscess closure,and pain relief and hospital stay in the high-risk group were longer than those in the non-high-risk group;the high-risk group were older than the non-high-risk group;more patients had diabetes,pharyngitis,cervicofacial lymphadenitis,and periodontal or pulp diseases and had used steroids or antibiotics in the high risk group than in the non-high-risk group;the fasting blood glucose,white blood cell count,and neutrophil percentage in the high-risk group were higher than those in the non-high-risk group;there were statistical differences(all P<0.05).The multivariate analysis indicated that age,diabetes,periodontal or pulp diseases,historical use of steroids or antibiotics,high white blood cell count,and high neutrophil percentages were key factors significantly increasing the risk of high-risk complications(all P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of high-risk complications in patients with deep neck infections is associated with age,diabetes,periodontal or pulp diseases,historical use of steroids or antibiotics,high white blood cell count,and high neutrophil percentage.

关 键 词：颈深部感染 临床特征 高危并发症 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]