退休女性如何成为环境治理的主体——基于浙南“南塘大妈护河队”河道管护实践的考察  

How Retired Women Are Becoming an Active Force in Environmental Governance:Based on the Investigation of the River Protection Efforts of“Nantang Grannies'River Protection Team”in Southern Zhejiang

作　　者：陈涛[1] 林笑笑 CHEN Tao;LIN Xiao-xiao(Center for Environment and Society,Department of Sociology,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学社会学系环境与社会研究中心,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2025年第1期28-39,共12页Journal of Chinese Women's Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“农村河湖治理的‘最后一公里’难题及破解机制研究”(项目编号:23BSH038)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：女性是环境治理体系中的重要主体。在现有治理结构下,女性的环保行动总体上被描绘为私人领域的利益表达,呈现出依附式、事件型和工具性特征。基于退休女性自组织的河道管护实践,本文旨在探讨环境治理中女性主体性塑造的内外动因,并尝试回答她们内生动力何以激活与何以持续的问题。研究表明,基于“为了后代”的生存焦虑、强调“我们”的性别意识和“老有所为”的价值追求,是退休女性环保实践的发端动力。在借助制度机会、因应国家生态环境部门领导肯定性激励与响应环境治理内生动力的过程中,退休女性通过“借势”策略将结构性治理势能转化为进一步扩大环保行动的动能。由此,她们形塑了环境治理的主体性,逐步完成了从私领域向公领域的“破圈”发展,推动了地方环境治理结构的完善。Women are an important force in the present environmental governance system.Under the existing environmental governance structure,however,women's environmental protection efforts are generally regarded as expressions or activities out of their private and personal interests,which are more dependent,event-driven,and serve as instruments.Based on retired women's river protection practice,this study aims to explore the internal and external motivations for these women to be active in environmental governance and try to answer the question of how their endogenous motives for environmental governance are activated and can be sustained.Studies have identified that the concern for the wellbeing of future generations,the emphasis of gender consciousness as“we”,and the desire of self-realization among the retired elderly are the driving force behind their environmental practices.In the process of taking advantage of institutional opportunities,utilizing the positive incentives of national ecological environment department leader,and responding to the endogenous driving force of environmental governance,retired women have adopted a strategy to transform the structural governance momentum into further driving forces for expanding environmental actions.In so doing,the retired women have established their role as a force in governance,expanding the breakthrough from the private sphere to the public domain,and ultimately,helping improve local environmental governance structure.

关 键 词：退休女性 环境治理 河道管护 民间环保组织 主体性塑造 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]