高生物亲和性粉末载体的制备及其在HPB技术中的应用研究  

Preparation of a highly biocompatible powder carrier and its application in high concentration composite powder carrier bio-fluidized bed (HPB)

作　　者：陈锦 王成显 牟悦 柴晓利[1] CHEN Jin;WANG Cheng-xian;MU Yue;CHAI Xiao-li(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Hunan Sanyou Environmental Protection Co.Ltd.,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]湖南三友环保科技有限公司,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《环境工程》2025年第1期97-106,共10页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2020YFC1908603)。

摘　　要：针对污水处理厂在低温环境下脱氮效率较低的问题,在PY@DE复合粉末载体材料物化表征的基础上,对比分析了高浓度复合粉末载体生物流化床(HPB)技术与传统AAO工艺在污染物去除效能、污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)及微生物群落结构方面的差异。结果表明:添加PY@DE复合粉末载体后,HPB系统出水TN平均浓度为6.85 mg/L,远低于GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中一级A标准,TN平均去除率高达89%,相较于AAO工艺提高了14%。其中,PY@DE复合粉末载体的接触角为14.6°,界面吸附自由能达到46.28 mJ/m^(2),具有较高的吸附性能。同时,复合粉末载体改善了系统的微生物群落结构,并对Dokdonella、Rhodobacter和Hydrogenophaga等脱氮功能菌属实现了选择性富集。PY@DE复合粉末载体具有较好的生物亲和性,可以促进脱氮功能微生物在HPB系统中的富集,提高生物膜-载体的稳定性,从而维持其在低温下的高效脱氮性能。In addressing the challenge of low nitrogen removal efficiency in wastewater treatment plants under low-temperature conditions, this study undertook a comprehensive comparison of pollutant removal efficiency, sludge extracellular polymeric substances(EPS), and microbial community structure. This comparison focused on two treatment systems: the high-concentration composite powder bio-fluidized(HPB) system and the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic(AAO) process. The basis for this comparison was rooted in the detailed physical and chemical characterization of the PY@DE composite powder carrier materials utilized within the HPB system. The results of this investigation unequivocally indicated that the incorporation of the PY@DE composite powder carrier into the HPB system significantly enhanced its overall performance metrics. Specifically, the average total nitrogen(TN) concentration reached 6.85 mg/L, a level considerably lower than the Class A Discharge Standard stipulated in the Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants(GB 18918—2002). Moreover, the HPB system demonstrated an average TN removal rate of an impressive 89%, which represents a substantial improvement over the performance of the AAO process by a notable margin of 14%. Key factors contributing to the superior performance of the HPB system include the exceptional properties of the PY@DE composite powder carrier. This carrier exhibited a contact angle of 14.6°, which is indicative of its favorable wettability, coupled with an interfacial adsorption free energy of 46.28 mJ/m~2. These properties are essential for enhancing interaction with wastewater constituents, thereby facilitating efficient adsorption and subsequent removal of nitrogenous compounds. Furthermore, the introduction of the composite powder carrier positively influenced the microbial community structure within the HPB system. It selectively enriched populations of nitrogen-removing bacteria, notably Dokdonella, Rhodobacter, and Hydrogenophaga, which are crucial for effective nit

关 键 词：生物流化床 复合粉末载体 生物亲和性 界面吸附自由能 生物脱氮 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]